Renewal of fear and avoidance in humans to escalating threat: Implications for translational research on anxiety disorders.
Renewal of fear and avoidance in humans to escalating threat: Implications for translational research on anxiety disorders.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/jeab.565
复制
发表时间：
2020-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Dymond S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schlund MW;Ludlum M;Magee SK;Tone EB;Brewer A;Richman DM;Dymond S
焦虑症中基于暴露的威胁回避治疗往往会导致恐惧的重新出现。然而，人们对重新避税的情况知之甚少。这项基于实验室的多模式治疗研究使用了ABA更新设计和接近-回避(AP-AV)任务来检查20名成年人的恐惧/威胁和回避的更新。在情景A中，9个视觉线索加上概率金钱损失(不断升级的威胁)的增加，导致感觉受到威胁的评级、损失预期和皮肤电导反应(SCR)的增加。在AP-AV任务期间，货币增强器与威胁同时可用。方法产生了增强剂或概率损失，而回避防止了损失并丧失了增强剂。不断升级的威胁带来了越来越多的回避和评级。在巴甫洛夫式灭绝的背景B中，威胁表明没有金钱损失，SCR下降。在AP-AV任务期间，回避和收视率也有所下降。在AP-AV任务期间巴甫洛夫威胁消失的情况下，返回到上下文A，观察到更新。不断升级的威胁与大多数参与者的评级和回避增加有关。SCR没有显示续签。这是第一个强调人类重新出现回避现象的翻译研究结果。进一步的研究应该确定个体差异变量和改变的神经机制，这些变量可能会增加回避更新的风险。
Exposure-based treatment for threat-avoidance in anxiety disorders often results in fear renewal. However, little is known about renewal of avoidance. This multimodal laboratory-based treatment study used an ABA renewal design and an approach-avoidance (AP-AV) task to examine renewal of fear/threat and avoidance in twenty adults. In Context A, nine visual cues paired with increases in probabilistic money loss (escalating threats) elicited increases in ratings of feeling threatened and loss expectancies and skin-conductance responses (SCR). During the AP-AV task, a monetary reinforcer was available concurrently with threats. Approach produced the reinforcer or probabilistic loss, while avoidance prevented loss and forfeited reinforcement. Escalating threat produced increasing avoidance and ratings. In Context B with Pavlovian extinction, threats signaled no money loss and SCR declined. During the AP-AV task, avoidance and ratings also declined. In a return to Context A with Pavlovian threat extinction in effect during the AP-AV task, renewal was observed. Escalating threat was associated with increasing ratings and avoidance in most participants. SCR did not show renewal. These are the first translational findings to highlight renewal of avoidance in humans. Further research should identify individual difference variables and altered neural mechanisms that may confer increased risk of avoidance renewal.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Kelley, Michael E.;Liddon, Clare J.;Podlesnik, Christopher A.
通讯作者：
Podlesnik, Christopher A.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Aupperle, Robin L.;Sullivan, Sarah;Melrose, Andrew J.;Paulus, Martin P.;Stein, Murray B.
通讯作者：
Stein, Murray B.
DOI：
10.1007/bf03392173
发表时间：
2009-03-01
期刊：
BEHAVIOR ANALYST
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dymond, Simon;Roche, Bryan
通讯作者：
Roche, Bryan
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Drexler, Shira Meir;Merz, Christian J.;Wolf, Oliver T.
通讯作者：
Wolf, Oliver T.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Hermann, A.;Stark, R.;Merz, C. J.
通讯作者：
Merz, C. J.