The social environment and neurogenesis in the adult Mammalian brain.

The social environment and neurogenesis in the adult Mammalian brain.
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成人哺乳动物大脑的社会环境和神经发生。

DOI:
10.3389/fnhum.2012.00118
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Wang Z
Wang Z
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lieberwirth C;Wang Z

文献摘要

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成人神经发生——成年期新神经元的形成——已被证明受到多种内源性(如营养因子、神经递质和激素)以及外源性(如身体活动和环境复杂性)因素的调节。成人神经发生的外源性调控研究主要集中在非社会环境。然而,最近有证据表明,社会环境也会影响成人的神经发生。本综述详细介绍了成人-成人(如交配和化学感觉相互作用)和成人-后代(如妊娠、为人父母和接触后代)相互作用对成人神经发生的影响。此外,应激性社会环境(如缺乏社会支持和主从互动)对成人神经发生的影响也进行了综述。本文还讨论了成人神经元在调节社会行为中的潜在激素机制和功能意义。
Adult neurogenesis – the formation of new neurons in adulthood – has been shown to be modulated by a variety of endogenous (e.g., trophic factors, neurotransmitters, and hormones) as well as exogenous (e.g., physical activity and environmental complexity) factors. Research on exogenous regulators of adult neurogenesis has focused primarily on the non-social environment. More recently, however, evidence has emerged suggesting that the social environment can also affect adult neurogenesis. The present review details the effects of adult–adult (e.g., mating and chemosensory interactions) and adult–offspring (e.g., gestation, parenthood, and exposure to offspring) interactions on adult neurogenesis. In addition, the effects of a stressful social environment (e.g., lack of social support and dominant–subordinate interactions) on adult neurogenesis are reviewed. The underlying hormonal mechanisms and potential functional significance of adult-generated neurons in mediating social behaviors are also discussed.
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