Invasion of Africa by a single pfcrt allele of South East Asian type.
Invasion of Africa by a single pfcrt allele of South East Asian type.
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2875-5-34
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发表时间：
2006-04-26
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Mercereau-Puijalon O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ariey F;Fandeur T;Durand R;Randrianarivelojosia M;Jambou R;Legrand E;Ekala MT;Bouchier C;Cojean S;Duchemin JB;Robert V;Le Bras J;Mercereau-Puijalon O
由于其巨大的公共卫生影响，恶性疟原虫对氯喹（CQ）的耐药性很早就被记录下来。氯喹耐药性（CQR）于20世纪50年代末在东南亚和南美洲独立出现，并逐渐蔓延到所有疟疾地区。据报道，CQR于20世纪70年代在东非出现，此后入侵非洲大陆。关于CQR寄生虫的实际选择和传播过程，以及在传播过程中祖先突变基因的进化仍有许多问题。在1996年至2001年开展的主动病例发现调查中，从柬埔寨收集了11株恶性疟原虫临床分离株，从非洲（塞内加尔、科特迪瓦、布基纳法索、马里、几内亚、多哥、贝宁、尼日尔、刚果、马达加斯加、科摩罗群岛、坦桑尼亚、肯尼亚、莫桑比克、喀麦隆、加蓬）收集了238株。从冷冻血中提取寄生虫DNA，扩增pfcrt基因外显子2（密码子72-76）、外显子4和内含子4（密码子220和微卫星标记）。对所有片段进行测序。发现124株c76/c220:CVMNK/ a单倍型敏感株和125株c76/c220:CVIET/S耐药株。无论采集地点和时间如何，携带c76/c220:CVMNK/A单倍型的分离株微卫星显示为17种不同类型，而携带CVIET/S单倍型的125株分离株除2株外均为单一微卫星类型，即（TAAA）3(TA)15。这些结果与单一祖先pfcrt CQR等位基因从亚洲迁移到非洲的情况一致。这与PFCRT在恶性疟原虫适应度中的重要性有关，指出该蛋白是开发新型抗疟药物的潜在靶点。
Because of its dramatic public health impact, Plasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine (CQ) has been documented early on. Chloroquine-resistance (CQR) emerged in the late 1950's independently in South East Asia and South America and progressively spread over all malaria areas. CQR was reported in East Africa in the 1970's, and has since invaded the African continent. Many questions remain about the actual selection and spreading process of CQR parasites, and about the evolution of the ancestral mutant gene(s) during spreading. Eleven clinical isolates of P. falciparum from Cambodia and 238 from Africa (Senegal, Ivory Coast, Bukina Faso, Mali, Guinea, Togo, Benin, Niger, Congo, Madagascar, Comoros Islands, Tanzania, Kenya, Mozambique, Cameroun, Gabon) were collected during active case detection surveys carried out between 1996 and 2001. Parasite DNA was extracted from frozen blood aliquots and amplification of the gene pfcrt exon 2 (codon 72–76), exon 4 and intron 4 (codon 220 and microsatellite marker) were performed. All fragments were sequenced. 124 isolates with a sensitive (c76/c220:CVMNK/A) haplotype and 125 isolates with a resistant c76/c220:CVIET/S haplotype were found. The microsatellite showed 17 different types in the isolates carrying the c76/c220:CVMNK/A haplotype while all 125 isolates with a CVIET/S haplotype but two had a single microsatellite type, namely (TAAA)3(TA)15, whatever the location or time of collection. Those results are consistent with the migration of a single ancestral pfcrt CQR allele from Asia to Africa. This is related to the importance of PFCRT in the fitness of P. falciparum point out this protein as a potential target for developments of new antimalarial drugs.
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影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Cortese, JF;Caraballo, A;Plowe, CV
通讯作者：
Plowe, CV
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Ariey, Frederic;Duchemin, Jean-Bernard;Robert, Vincent
通讯作者：
Robert, Vincent
影响因子：
16
作者：
Fidock, DA;Nomura, T;Wellems, TE
通讯作者：
Wellems, TE
影响因子：
9.6
作者：
May, J;Meyer, CG
通讯作者：
Meyer, CG
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Wootton, JC;Feng, XR;Su, XZ
通讯作者：
Su, XZ