Regulatory T-Cells Suppress Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Responses against Microglia.

Regulatory T-Cells Suppress Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Responses against Microglia.
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调节性T细胞抑制针对小胶质细胞的细胞毒性T淋巴细胞反应。

DOI:
10.3390/cells11182826
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发表时间:
2022-09-09
期刊:
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Lokensgard, James R.
Lokensgard, James R.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chauhan, Priyanka;Hu, Shuxian;Sheng, Wen S.;Lokensgard, James R.

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调节性t细胞(Tregs)在感染、癌症和自身免疫过程中发挥着关键作用。在我们之前的研究中,我们证明了PD-1:PD-L1通路在控制CD8+ T淋巴细胞对呈病毒肽的小胶质细胞的细胞溶解反应中的作用。在这项研究中,我们研究了Tregs在抑制CD8+ t细胞介导的对原代小胶质细胞的细胞毒性中的作用。通过体外细胞毒性试验和流式细胞术,我们证明Tregs在抑制抗原特异性细胞毒性t淋巴细胞(CTL)对装载模型肽(SIINFEKL)的小胶质细胞的反应中发挥作用。我们继续显示,当与Tregs一起培养时,产生IFN-γ和tnf的CD8+ t细胞的频率显著降低。有趣的是,观察到产生颗粒酶B-和ki67的ctl的频率显著增加。我们还观察到小胶质细胞产生白细胞介素(IL)-6的显著减少。在进一步的研究中,我们发现Tregs显著降低了IFN-γ处理的小胶质细胞中MHC-1类(MHC-1)的表达。综上所述,这些研究表明Tregs对初级小胶质细胞产生的CTL反应具有免疫抑制作用。因此,调节Treg细胞活性结合阴性免疫检查点阻断可能会刺激抗病毒t细胞反应,从而更有效地清除小胶质细胞库中的病毒感染。
Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) play pivotal roles during infection, cancer, and autoimmunity. In our previous study, we demonstrated a role for the PD-1:PD-L1 pathway in controlling cytolytic responses of CD8+ T lymphocytes against microglial cells presenting viral peptides. In this study, we investigated the role of Tregs in suppressing CD8+ T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity against primary microglial cells. Using in vitro cytotoxicity assays and flow cytometry, we demonstrated a role for Tregs in suppressing antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses against microglia loaded with a model peptide (SIINFEKL). We went on to show a significant decrease in the frequency of IFN-γ- and TNF-producing CD8+ T-cells when cultured with Tregs. Interestingly, a significant increase in the frequency of granzyme B- and Ki67-producing CTLs was observed. We also observed a significant decrease in the production of interleukin (IL)-6 by microglia. On further investigation, we found that Tregs significantly reduced MHC class 1 (MHC-1) expression on IFN-γ-treated microglial cells. Taken together, these studies demonstrate an immunosuppressive role for Tregs on CTL responses generated against primary microglia. Hence, modulation of Treg cell activity in combination with negative immune checkpoint blockade may stimulate anti-viral T-cell responses to more efficiently clear viral infection from microglial cell reservoirs.
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