New hydroxyproline radiocarbon dates from Sungir, Russia, confirm early Mid Upper Palaeolithic burials in Eurasia.
New hydroxyproline radiocarbon dates from Sungir, Russia, confirm early Mid Upper Palaeolithic burials in Eurasia.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0076896
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hedges R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nalawade-Chavan S;McCullagh J;Hedges R
松吉尔(俄罗斯)是欧亚大陆旧石器时代中晚期的关键遗址，有几处壮观的墓葬，揭示了复杂的埋葬仪式的早期证据，这些墓葬仪式的形式是与死者一起存放的一系列坟墓物品。测年尤其具有挑战性，被认为年龄非常相似的墓葬的多个放射性碳测年日期从19,160±270到28,800±240 BP不等。人类骨骼、动物遗骸和墓地上发现的木炭的放射性碳测年存在差异。我们的方法是开发特定于化合物的方法，使用高效液相色谱(HPLC)分离单一氨基酸，如羟脯氨酸，从而避免已知的人类对骨骼本身的污染。此前，我们应用这项技术从遗址的占用水平获得了Sungir 2号、Sungir 3号和一块猛犸象骨骼的∼30,000 BP放射性碳测年数据。与以前报告的所有日期相比，单一氨基酸放射性碳测年彼此吻合得很好，这支持了它们的可靠性。在这里，我们报告了来自同一地点的另外两个人类墓葬的新的羟脯氨酸年代，Sungir 1号和Sungir 4号。所有报告的5个羟脯氨酸年代在统计上都是无法区分的，支持这一群体的相同年龄。结果表明，在对珍贵的考古遗迹进行年代测定时，应认真考虑化合物特有的放射性碳分析方法，因为它们提供的是明显无污染的放射性碳年龄。新的时代，连同先前在不列颠群岛发现的“帕维兰的红色夫人”人类，是欧亚大陆旧石器时代中期最早的埋葬行为，并表明这种仪式形式在欧洲和俄罗斯的早熟出现。
Sungir (Russia) is a key Mid-Upper Palaeolithic site in Eurasia, containing several spectacular burials that disclose early evidence for complex burial rites in the form of a range of grave goods deposited along with the dead. Dating has been particularly challenging, with multiple radiocarbon dates ranging from 19,160±270 to 28,800±240 BP for burials that are believed to be closely similar in age. There are disparities in the radiocarbon dates of human bones, faunal remains and charcoal found on the floor of burials. Our approach has been to develop compound-specific methods using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to separate single amino acids, such as hydroxyproline, and thereby avoid the known human contamination on the bones themselves. Previously, we applied this technique to obtain radiocarbon dates of ∼30,000 BP for Sungir 2, Sungir 3 and a mammoth bone from the occupation levels of the site. The single amino acid radiocarbon dates were in good agreement with each other compared to all the dates previously reported, supporting their reliability. Here we report new hydroxyproline dates for two more human burials from the same site, Sungir 1 and Sungir 4. All five hydroxyproline dates reported are statistically indistinguishable and support an identical age for the group. The results suggest that compound-specific radiocarbon analysis should be considered seriously as the method of choice when precious archaeological remains are to be dated because they give a demonstrably contaminant-free radiocarbon age. The new ages are, together with the previously dated ‘Red Lady of Paviland’ human in the British Isles, the earliest for Mid Upper Palaeolithic burial behaviour in Eurasia, and point to the precocious appearance of this form of rite in Europe Russia.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Bradley, BA;Anikovich, M;Giria, E
通讯作者：
Giria, E
DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.20516
发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
YEARBOOK OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, VOL. 49 2006
影响因子：
--
作者：
Grun, Rainer
通讯作者：
Grun, Rainer
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1116328109
发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Marom, Anat;McCullagh, James S. O.;Hedges, Robert E. M.
通讯作者：
Hedges, Robert E. M.
影响因子：
8.3
作者：
McCullagh, James S. O.;Marom, Anat;Hedges, Robert E. M.
通讯作者：
Hedges, Robert E. M.
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
O'Connell, TC;Hedges, REM;SImpson, AHR
通讯作者：
SImpson, AHR