Circadian photoreception: ageing and the eye's important role in systemic health.
Circadian photoreception: ageing and the eye's important role in systemic health.
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昼夜节律感受：衰老和眼睛在系统健康中的重要作用。
DOI：
10.1136/bjo.2008.141747
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发表时间：
2008-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mainster MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Turner PL;Mainster MA
分析晶状体透镜透射率和瞳孔面积的年龄相关性损失如何影响昼夜光感受，并比较同龄有晶状体眼和人工晶状体眼个体的昼夜表现。昼夜光感受的光谱灵敏度在光谱的蓝色部分在大约460 nm处达到峰值。光敏视网膜神经节细胞将有关环境照明的无意识信息发送到非视觉大脑中心，包括视交叉上核中的人体主生物钟。这些信息允许人类生理学被优化，并与地球物理昼夜周期相一致，使用神经和激素信使，包括褪黑激素。晶状体和明视瞳孔直径与褪黑激素抑制的光谱灵敏度和人工晶状体（IOL）的透射率光谱相关的透射率光谱用于分析老化和IOL发色团如何影响昼夜光感受。老化增加晶体透镜光吸收并减少瞳孔面积，导致昼夜光感受的进行性丧失。一个10岁的孩子的昼夜光感受能力是一个95岁有晶状体眼的成年人的10倍。一个45岁的成年人只保留了年轻时的一半昼夜光感受。人工晶状体可改善所有年龄段的昼夜光感受，特别是使用仅紫外线阻断IOL时，该IOL可传输最适合非视觉光感受的蓝色波长。非视觉视网膜神经节光感受器对明亮、适当定时的光暴露的反应有助于确保有效的昼夜光夹带和最佳的昼夜生理过程。如果视网膜神经节细胞光感受器和它们的视交叉上连接是完整的，昼夜光感受可以在视觉盲个体中持续。由于瞳孔缩小和晶体透镜光透射减少，尤其是短波长的光透射减少，视网膜照明随着年龄的增长而减少。环境光和/或神经节光感受不足可导致昼夜节律紊乱，增加失眠、抑郁、多种系统性疾病和可能的早期死亡的风险。人工照明比自然日光更暗，蓝色加权更少，导致无意识昼夜光感受的年龄相关损失。最佳的人工透镜设计应考虑有意识和无意识视网膜光感受的光谱要求。
To analyse how age-related losses in crystalline lens transmittance and pupillary area affect circadian photoreception and compare the circadian performance of phakic and pseudophakic individuals of the same age. The spectral sensitivity of circadian photoreception peaks in the blue part of the spectrum at approximately 460 nm. Photosensitive retinal ganglion cells send unconscious information about environmental illumination to non-visual brain centres including the human body’s master biological clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. This information permits human physiology to be optimised and aligned with geophysical day–night cycles using neural and hormonal messengers including melatonin. Age-related transmittance spectra of crystalline lenses and photopic pupil diameter are used with the spectral sensitivity of melatonin suppression and the transmittance spectra of intraocular lenses (IOLs) to analyse how ageing and IOL chromophores affect circadian photoreception. Ageing increases crystalline lens light absorption and decreases pupil area resulting in progressive loss of circadian photoreception. A 10-year-old child has circadian photoreception 10-fold greater than a 95-year-old phakic adult. A 45-year-old adult retains only half the circadian photoreception of early youth. Pseudophakia improves circadian photoreception at all ages, particularly with UV-only blocking IOLs which transmit blue wavelengths optimal for non-visual photoreception. Non-visual retinal ganglion photoreceptor responses to bright, properly timed light exposures help assure effective circadian photoentrainment and optimal diurnal physiological processes. Circadian photoreception can persist in visually blind individuals if retinal ganglion cell photoreceptors and their suprachiasmatic connections are intact. Retinal illumination decreases with ageing due to pupillary miosis and reduced crystalline lens light transmission especially of short wavelengths. Inadequate environmental light and/or ganglion photoreception can cause circadian disruption, increasing the risk of insomnia, depression, numerous systemic disorders and possibly early mortality. Artificial lighting is dimmer and less blue-weighted than natural daylight, contributing to age-related losses in unconscious circadian photoreception. Optimal intraocular lens design should consider the spectral requirements of both conscious and unconscious retinal photoreception.
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影响因子：
11.2
作者：
CURCIO, CA;DRUCKER, DN
通讯作者：
DRUCKER, DN
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Avery, DH;Kizer, D;Hellekson, C
通讯作者：
Hellekson, C
DOI：
10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53392.x
发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Ancoli-Israel, S;Cooke, JR
通讯作者：
Cooke, JR
影响因子：
4
作者：
Asplund, R;Lindblad, BE
通讯作者：
Lindblad, BE
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Dacey, DM;Liao, HW;Gamlin, PD
通讯作者：
Gamlin, PD