Moving with risk: Forced displacement and vulnerability to hazards in Colombia
Moving with risk: Forced displacement and vulnerability to hazards in Colombia
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带着风险迁移：哥伦比亚的被迫流离失所和易受危险影响的情况
DOI：
10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105482
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Few R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Few R
该文件审查了因冲突而被迫离开家园的人在重新安置的地方可能面临更大的环境危害风险的过程。它报告了对哥伦比亚四个地方迁移到非正规住区的国内流离失所者进行的研究。该国是世界上流离失所人口最多的国家之一，每年发生的滑坡和洪水等灾害事件也很多，因此，使人们能够在重新安置地建立持久的安全感，是该国面临的一项重大发展挑战。然而，正如个人经验和观点所表明的那样，这个问题不能或不应该仅仅通过执行现有的土地使用和保有权条例来解决。该研究将定性访谈方法与旨在促进和开放与研究参与者对话的艺术元素相结合。我们发现，建立一个永久的家，无论多么温和，都具有象征意义，反映了个人奋斗和集体努力：它代表着安全和稳定，即使在人们知道与危险有关的地点。在追踪他们如何与多种形式的风险相互作用的过程中，我们的工作显示了流离失所者如何在边缘化的持续背景下权衡他们面临的威胁和有限的重新安置选择。由于复杂的原因，这一群体往往被排除在正式的备灾和减灾工作之外。然而，有迹象表明，这种普遍的情况可能会受到挑战，促使政府组织采取更大的灵活性，并使社区能够更多地参与减少灾害风险。在流离失所、灾害和发展的交叉点上，我们对一个具有全球意义的主题进行了深入的实证研究，我们支持采取适应性强的灾害风险管理方法的呼吁，这些方法可以更有效、更公平地支持流离失所者。
The paper examines the processes through which people forced from their homes by conflict can become exposed to heightened risk from environmental hazards in the places where they resettle. It reports on research undertaken with internally displaced people who moved to informal settlements in four locations in Colombia. With one of the world’s largest displaced populations and a high annual incidence of hazard events such as landslides and floods, enabling people to create a durable sense of security in their places of resettlement is a major development challenge for the country. However, as the testimonies from individual experiences and perspectives makes clear, this problem is not one that can or should be addressed simply by enforcing existing land use and tenure regulations. The study combined qualitative interview methods with arts-based elements designed to facilitate and open up dialogue with research participants. We found that creating a permanent home, however modest, has symbolic meaning that reflects both personal struggle and collective effort: it represents security and stability, even in sites people know are associated with hazards. In tracing how they have interacted with multiple forms of risk, our work shows how displaced people have had to weigh up the threats they face against limited resettlement options, in an ongoing context of marginalisation. For complex reasons, this is a population that tends to be excluded from formal disaster preparedness and mitigation. However, there are indications that this prevailing situation could be challenged, promoting greater flexibility on the part of governmental organisations and enabling communities to become more engaged in disaster risk reduction. In bringing empirical depth to a topic of global significance at the intersection of displacement, disaster and development, we support the call for adaptable approaches to disaster risk management that can support displaced people more effectively and equitably.
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