Neurobiology of Loneliness, Isolation, and Loss: Integrating Human and Animal Perspectives.
Neurobiology of Loneliness, Isolation, and Loss: Integrating Human and Animal Perspectives.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnbeh.2022.846315
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
在社会物种中，如人类、非人类灵长类动物，甚至许多啮齿动物物种，社会互动和维持社会纽带对于身心健康和福祉是必要的。在人类中，感知到的孤立或孤独不仅表现为与同龄人或所爱的人身体上的隔离，还包括对社会互动和联系的负面看法，这会加强孤立和焦虑的感觉。作为一种复杂的行为状态，孤独感和孤独感与腹侧纹状体和边缘系统的功能障碍有关也就不足为奇了。边缘系统是大脑中分别调节动机和压力反应的区域。伴随这些神经变化的是生理症状，如血浆和尿皮质醇水平升高以及应激反应增强。尽管使用动物模型的研究并不能完美地模拟人类独有的孤独状态，但对动物社交隔离影响的研究已经观察到了类似的生理症状，如皮质酮增加，这是啮齿动物皮质醇的类似物，还显示出动机改变，应激反应增强，以及中皮质多巴胺和边缘系统的失调。这篇综述将讨论人类孤独的行为和神经心理学成分，啮齿动物模型中的社会隔离，以及这些行为表型的神经化学调节，重点是神经解剖学上的皮质纹状体和边缘系统。我们还将讨论作为一种独特的社会隔离形式的社会损失，以及纽带中断对压力相关行为和神经生理学的影响。
In social species such as humans, non-human primates, and even many rodent species, social interaction and the maintenance of social bonds are necessary for mental and physical health and wellbeing. In humans, perceived isolation, or loneliness, is not only characterized by physical isolation from peers or loved ones, but also involves negative perceptions about social interactions and connectedness that reinforce the feelings of isolation and anxiety. As a complex behavioral state, it is no surprise that loneliness and isolation are associated with dysfunction within the ventral striatum and the limbic system – brain regions that regulate motivation and stress responsiveness, respectively. Accompanying these neural changes are physiological symptoms such as increased plasma and urinary cortisol levels and an increase in stress responsivity. Although studies using animal models are not perfectly analogous to the uniquely human state of loneliness, studies on the effects of social isolation in animals have observed similar physiological symptoms such as increased corticosterone, the rodent analog to human cortisol, and also display altered motivation, increased stress responsiveness, and dysregulation of the mesocortical dopamine and limbic systems. This review will discuss behavioral and neuropsychological components of loneliness in humans, social isolation in rodent models, and the neurochemical regulators of these behavioral phenotypes with a neuroanatomical focus on the corticostriatal and limbic systems. We will also discuss social loss as a unique form of social isolation, and the consequences of bond disruption on stress-related behavior and neurophysiology.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrn3950
发表时间：
2015-07
期刊：
Nature reviews. Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Barrett LF;Simmons WK
通讯作者：
Simmons WK
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Baskerville, T. A.;Allard, J.;Douglas, A. J.
通讯作者：
Douglas, A. J.
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Burke, Tricia J.;Woszidlo, Alesia;Segrin, Chris
通讯作者：
Segrin, Chris
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Bu, F.;Steptoe, A.;Fancourt, D.
通讯作者：
Fancourt, D.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bosch OJ;Dabrowska J;Modi ME;Johnson ZV;Keebaugh AC;Barrett CE;Ahern TH;Guo J;Grinevich V;Rainnie DG;Neumann ID;Young LJ
通讯作者：
Young LJ