Identification of multiple transcription initiation, polyadenylation, and splice sites in the Drosophila melanogaster TART family of telomeric retrotransposons.

Identification of multiple transcription initiation, polyadenylation, and splice sites in the Drosophila melanogaster TART family of telomeric retrotransposons.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkl709
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发表时间:
2006
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Levis RW
Levis RW
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Maxwell PH;Belote JM;Levis RW

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果蝇非长末端重复 (non-LTR) 逆转录转座子 TART 和 HeT-A 特异性逆转录至染色体末端以维持果蝇端粒 DNA。然而,人们对它们的表达调节及其逆转录转座的端粒知之甚少。我们使用 cDNA 末端快速扩增 (RACE) 来鉴定果蝇 TART 元件三个亚家族的有义和反义转录本的多个转录起始位点和聚腺苷酸化位点。这些结果与一系列 TART 转录本的产生一致。与其他果蝇非 LTR 元件相比,有义转录物的主要起始位点位于 TART 5'-非翻译区 (5'-UTR) 的 3' 末端附近,而不是在 5'-UTR 的起始处。与该有义起始位点重叠的序列包含与果蝇 LTR 反转录转座子转录起始位点的起始子共有序列的良好匹配。有趣的是,对反义转录本的5'RACE产物和GenBank EST数据库的分析表明,TART反义转录本含有多个内含子。我们的结果强调了 TART 转录与果蝇其他非 LTR 元件转录之间的差异,并为测试 TART 转录的特殊方面与 TART 在端粒上的特殊作用之间的关系提供了基础。
The Drosophila non-long terminal repeat (non-LTR) retrotransposons TART and HeT-A specifically retrotranspose to chromosome ends to maintain Drosophila telomeric DNA. Relatively little is known, though, about the regulation of their expression and their retrotransposition to telomeres. We have used rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) to identify multiple transcription initiation and polyadenylation sites for sense and antisense transcripts of three subfamilies of TART elements in Drosophila melanogaster. These results are consistent with the production of an array of TART transcripts. In contrast to other Drosophila non-LTR elements, a major initiation site for sense transcripts was mapped near the 3′ end of the TART 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR), rather than at the start of the 5′-UTR. A sequence overlapping this sense start site contains a good match to an initiator consensus for the transcription start sites of Drosophila LTR retrotransposons. Interestingly, analysis of 5′ RACE products for antisense transcripts and the GenBank EST database revealed that TART antisense transcripts contain multiple introns. Our results highlight differences between transcription of TART and of other Drosophila non-LTR elements and they provide a foundation for testing the relationship between exceptional aspects of TART transcription and TART's specialized role at telomeres.
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