A massive update of non-indigenous species records in Mediterranean marinas.
A massive update of non-indigenous species records in Mediterranean marinas.
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作者：
Ulman A;Ferrario J;Occhpinti-Ambrogi A;Arvanitidis C;Bandi A;Bertolino M;Bogi C;Chatzigeorgiou G;Çiçek BA;Deidun A;Ramos-Esplá A;Koçak C;Lorenti M;Martinez-Laiz G;Merlo G;Princisgh E;Scribano G;Marchini A
地中海是世界上超过三分之二的租船交通的所在地，估计有150万艘休闲船。其他地方的研究表明，码头作为重要枢纽的踏脚石转移的非本土物种（NIS），但这些独特的人为，通常是人工栖息地在很大程度上被忽视了在地中海的NIS热点的来源。从2015年4月到2016年11月，在以下地中海国家对34个码头进行了采样：西班牙，法国，意大利，马耳他，希腊，土耳其和塞浦路斯，以调查NIS的存在和这些码头栖息地的专用硬基质材料的丰富性。所有大型无脊椎动物类群进行了收集和鉴定。此外，从这些码头中的25个码头的大约600艘船体中收集了污垢样本，以确定船只是否拥有码头中不存在的各种NIS。在这里，我们提出的数据显示，地中海码头确实作为海洋NIS的转移的主要枢纽，我们还提供证据表明，娱乐船作为有效的传播媒介。通过这一广泛的地理研究，我们在此报告了流域、次区域、国家和地方各级的许多新的国家信息系统记录。在流域水平上，我们报告了三个新的地中海国家情报机构（Achelia sawayai sensu lato，Aorides longimerus，Cymodoce aff. fuscina），以及两种以前已知但目前被认为在地中海灭绝的NIS（Bemlos leptocheirus，Saccostrea glomerata）的重新出现。我们还令人信服地更新了许多NIS在地中海的分布，显示出一些最近的传播;我们提供了NIS的11个新的分区域记录的细节（Watersipora eradicata，Hydroides brachyacantha sensu lato和Saccostrea glomerata现在存在于西地中海; Symplegma brakenhielmi、Stenothoe georgiana、广义的三角螺鳃鱼、Dendostrea folium sensu lato和Parasmittina egyptiaca现分布于地中海中部，而W.地中海东部的Bemlos leptocheirus和Dyspanopeus sayi）。我们还报告了51个新的NIS国家记录从休闲码头：12马耳他，10塞浦路斯，9希腊，6西班牙和法国，5土耳其和3意大利，代表32种。最后，我们报告了20个新的NIS记录（代表17种）发现的娱乐船体（移动的栖息地），尚未发现在同一个码头，或在大多数情况下，甚至国家。对于每个新的NIS记录，都提供了它们的本地来源以及全球和地中海分布，沿着了新记录的详细信息。此外，还提供了用于鉴定的分类特征和标本照片。这些新的国家信息系统记录现在应添加到若干实体汇编的相关国家信息系统数据库中。还讨论了身份不确定的记录，以评估有效的非土著身份的可能性。
The Mediterranean Sea is home to over 2/3 of the world’s charter boat traffic and hosts an estimated 1.5 million recreational boats. Studies elsewhere have demonstrated marinas as important hubs for the stepping-stone transfer of non-indigenous species (NIS), but these unique anthropogenic, and typically artificial habitats have largely gone overlooked in the Mediterranean as sources of NIS hot-spots. From April 2015 to November 2016, 34 marinas were sampled across the following Mediterranean countries: Spain, France, Italy, Malta, Greece, Turkey and Cyprus to investigate the NIS presence and richness in the specialized hard substrate material of these marina habitats. All macroinvertebrate taxa were collected and identified. Additionally, fouling samples were collected from approximately 600 boat-hulls from 25 of these marinas to determine if boats host diverse NIS not present in the marina. Here, we present data revealing that Mediterranean marinas indeed act as major hubs for the transfer of marine NIS, and we also provide evidence that recreational boats act as effective vectors of spread. From this wide-ranging geographical study, we report here numerous new NIS records at the basin, subregional, country and locality level. At the basin level, we report three NIS new to the Mediterranean Sea (Achelia sawayai sensu lato, Aorides longimerus, Cymodoce aff. fuscina), and the re-appearance of two NIS previously known but currently considered extinct in the Mediterranean (Bemlos leptocheirus, Saccostrea glomerata). We also compellingly update the distributions of many NIS in the Mediterranean Sea showing some recent spreading; we provide details for 11 new subregional records for NIS (Watersipora arcuata, Hydroides brachyacantha sensu lato and Saccostrea glomerata now present in the Western Mediterranean; Symplegma brakenhielmi, Stenothoe georgiana, Spirobranchus tertaceros sensu lato, Dendostrea folium sensu lato and Parasmittina egyptiaca now present in the Central Mediterranean, and W. arcuata, Bemlos leptocheirus and Dyspanopeus sayi in the Eastern Mediterranean). We also report 51 new NIS country records from recreational marinas: 12 for Malta, 10 for Cyprus, nine for Greece, six for Spain and France, five for Turkey and three for Italy, representing 32 species. Finally, we report 20 new NIS records (representing 17 species) found on recreational boat-hulls (mobile habitats), not yet found in the same marina, or in most cases, even the country. For each new NIS record, their native origin and global and Mediterranean distributions are provided, along with details of the new record. Additionally, taxonomic characters used for identification and photos of the specimens are also provided. These new NIS records should now be added to the relevant NIS databases compiled by several entities. Records of uncertain identity are also discussed, to assess the probability of valid non-indigenous status.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-94-007-0591-3_16
发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
IN THE WRONG PLACE - ALIEN MARINE CRUSTACEANS: DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGY AND IMPACTS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ahyong, Shane T.;Wilkens, Serena L.
通讯作者：
Wilkens, Serena L.
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Azman BA;Othman BH
通讯作者：
Othman BH
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Antoniadou, Chryssanthi;Gerovasileiou, Vasilis;Bailly, Nicolas
通讯作者：
Bailly, Nicolas
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Barros, R. C. de;Rocha, R. M. da;da Rocha, R. M.
通讯作者：
da Rocha, R. M.
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Acosta, Hernando;Forrest, Barrie M.
通讯作者：
Forrest, Barrie M.