Brain-stem integrative sites for vestibulo-sympathetic reflexes.
Brain-stem integrative sites for vestibulo-sympathetic reflexes.
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前庭交感神经反射的脑干整合位点。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb15764.x
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Yates,BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SteinbacherJr,BC;Yates,BJ
The vestibular system is known to participate in cardiovascular(see chapter by Yates in this volume).前庭交感神经反应是通过鼻尖上仰刺激耳石受体引起的。当动物的前庭输入被移除时，在鼻子向上倾斜期间维持正常血压的能力就会降低（即直立性低血压）。 2 因此，前庭系统可能在姿势调整过程中使血压立即代偿性变化中发挥关键作用。已知产生前庭交感神经反应所必需的脑干回路涉及部分内侧前庭核、邻近的下前庭核和头侧延髓腹外侧核（RVLM）。 The RVLM sends excitatory projections to sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the intermediolateral zone (IML) of the thoracic spinal cord. 3 交感神经节前神经元的突触激活引起周围血管收缩，从而导致全身血压升高！电生理学研究表明，信号通过多突触路径从前庭核团发送到 RVLM。~本研究的目的是确定哪些脑干中间神经元将迷路信号中继到 RVLM。实验是在瘫痪、去大脑的猫身上进行的。 Lesions were made with the neurotoxin kainic acid in brain-stem areas known to influence cardiovascular regulation.这些区域包括孤束核 (NTS)、臂旁核 (PBN)、外侧被盖区 (LTF) 和尾侧腹外侧髓质 (CVLM)。 NTS 中的细胞接收来自颈动脉窦牵张感受器的传入输入。 6 然后，有关动脉壁伸展的信息部分从 NTS 发送至 CVLM。 CVLM 中的神经元反过来向 RVLM 发送抑制性投射。 7 因此，当 CVLM 神经元活跃时，IML 神经元的兴奋性驱动下降，外周血管收缩减少。 PBN 将来自高级大脑中心（例如杏仁核以及下丘脑的外侧和室旁区域（已知参与心血管调节））的信号转发到 RVLM。 8 LTF 为 RVLM 中的细胞提供强直输入，并部分调节交感神经放电的某些节律成分。~.'~
The vestibular system is known to participate in cardiovascular(see chapter by Yates in this volume). A vestibulo-sympathetic response is elicited by nose-up pitch stimulation of otolith receptors. When vestibular inputs are removed in an animal, there is a decreased ability to maintain normal blood pressure during nose-up tilt (ie, orthostatic hypotension). 2 Therefore, the vestibular system may play a critical role in making immediate compensatory changes in blood pressure during postural adjustments. The known brain-stem circuitry necessary for producing the vestibulo-sympathetic response involves part of the medial vestibular nucleus, adjacent inferior vestibular nucleus, and the rostra1 ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). The RVLM sends excitatory projections to sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the intermediolateral zone (IML) of the thoracic spinal cord. 3 Synaptic activation of sympathetic preganglionic neurons causes peripheral vasoconstriction, which results in an increase in systemic blood pressure!Electrophysiological studies have shown that signals are sent from the vestibular nuclei to the RVLM via a multisynaptic path~ ay.~ The purpose of this study was to identify which brain-stem interneurons relay labyrinthine signals to the RVLM. Experiments were performed in paralyzed, decerebrate cats. Lesions were made with the neurotoxin kainic acid in brain-stem areas known to influence cardiovascular regulation. These areas include the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), the parabrachial nucleus (PBN), the lateral tegmental field (LTF), and the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM). Cells in the NTS receive afferent input from carotid sinus stretch receptors. 6 This information concerning arterial wall stretch is then sent, in part, from the NTS to the CVLM. Neurons in the CVLM, in turn, send inhibitory projections to the RVLM. 7 Thus, when CVLM neurons are active the excitatory drive to IML neurons drops and peripheral vasoconstriction decreases. The PBN relays signals from higher brain centers, such as the amygdala and lateral and paraventricular areas of the hypothalamus (which are known to participate in cardiovascular regulation), to the RVLM. 8 The LTF provides tonic input to cells in the RVLM and partially regulates certain rhythm components of sympathetic nerve di~ charge.~.'~
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