Water of the Pamir – Potential and Constraints

Water of the Pamir – Potential and Constraints
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帕米尔之水——潜力与限制

DOI:
10.1007/978-3-319-23198-3_5
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发表时间:
2016
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影响因子:
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众所周知,干旱地区的高山就像水塔一样,产生径流,并在时间和空间上重新分配。雪和冰川作为水的储存发挥着重要作用,但目前正在经历气候变暖的变化。在世纪的最后40年里,帕米尔冰川面积出现了衰退,而最近的结果表明,在21世纪的第一个10年里,冰川面积略有增加。费琴科冰川是帕米尔高原上最大的山谷冰川,在过去的80年里,它的体积持续减少,但幅度不大。在不久的将来,高峰流量将过去一段时间后,进一步的冰川流失将减少年流量,并将季节性水资源的可用性改变为春季流量更高,夏季径流减少。这些变化将导致主要生长季节的水资源短缺,并对高度依赖灌溉的农业产生负面影响。
High mountains in arid regions are known to act as water towers which generate runoff and redistribute it over time and space. Snow and glaciers play important roles as water storages but currently undergo changes in a warming climate. A recession of glacier area was observed in the Pamir during the last four decades of the twentieth century, while recent results indicate slight mass gains during the first decade of the twenty-first century. Fedchenko Glacier, the largest valley glacier in the Pamir, shows a continuous but small volume reduction over the past eight decades. After a period of peak flow will be passed in the near future, a further glacier wastage will reduce annual discharge and change seasonal water availability towards higher streamflow in spring and a runoff reduction in summer. These changes will cause water shortages during the main growing season and cause negative effects for agriculture which highly depends on irrigation.
区域气候变化对塔吉克斯坦共和国雪水和冰川河流域的水文影响:流量对气候变化的水文响应
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