The comparative mechanics and morphology of airways in asthma and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
The comparative mechanics and morphology of airways in asthma and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
复制标题
哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病气道的比较力学和形态。
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm/143.5_pt_1.1189
复制
发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Bosken
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Paré;B. Wiggs;A. James;J. Hogg;C. Bosken
尽管气道阻塞是哮喘患者和慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 患者功能缺陷的特征，但人们认为造成阻塞的机制不同。气道阻塞可以通过测量气道或肺部阻力或通过测量肺部的最大呼气流量（MEF）来定量。 MEFi 下降的幅度最常用于量化阻塞的严重程度；然而，MEF 的降低可能是由于多种发病机制所致。 MEF与肺的弹性反冲力（提供呼气流量的驱动压力）、气道塌陷和流量限制发生点上游的气道口径以及流量限制处气道的机械特性有关。在患有哮喘的患者中，主要问题之一是气道变窄，几乎没有证据表明肺弹性回缩或大气道顺应性发生重要变化，而在慢性阻塞性肺病患者中，MEF的下降更经常是由气道变窄、回缩丧失和气道塌陷性改变的组合引起的。肺阻力和气道阻力是气道狭窄的更具体的测量，因为它们受肺实质回缩的影响较小，并且不受气道塌陷的影响，因为在潮式呼吸期间不会形成流量限制段。此外，电阻或电导可能是更相关的测量变量，因为
Although airway obstruction characterizes the functional defect in patients who have asthma as well as in patients who have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), dif ferent mechanisms are thought to be respon sible for the obstruction. The airway obstruc tion can be quantitated by measuring airway or pulmonary resistance or by measuring max imal expiratory flow (MEF) from the lungs. The magnitude of the decrease in MEFis most commonly used to quantitate the severity of the obstruction; however, decreases in MEF may be due to a variety of pathogenetic mech anisms. MEF is related to the elastic recoil of the lung, which provides the driving pres sure for expiratory flow, the caliber of air waysupstream from the points where airways collapse and flow limitation occurs, and the mechanical properties of the airways at the sites of flow limitation. In patients who have asthma, the primary problem is one of air way narrowing alone and there is little evi dence for important changes in lung elastic recoil or large airway compliance, whereas in patients with COPD the decrease in MEF is more often caused by a combination of air way narrowing, loss of recoil, and altered air way collapsibility. Pulmonary and airway resistance are more specific measures of airway narrowing be cause they are less influenced by lung paren chymal recoil and are not influenced by air way collapsibility as flow-limiting segments do not develop during the tidal breathing. In addition, resistance or conductance may be a more pertinent variable to measure since
狗收缩期间肺阻力的划分：容量历史的影响。
DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1987.62.2.807
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ludwig,MS;Dreshaj,I;Solway,J;Munoz,A;IngramJr,RH
通讯作者：
IngramJr,RH
肺容量、容量历史和乙酰甲胆碱对肺组织活力的影响。
DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1989.66.2.977
发表时间：
1989
期刊：
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kariya,ST;Thompson,LM;Ingenito,EP;IngramJr,RH
通讯作者：
IngramJr,RH
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Lawrence B. Pliss;E. Ingenito;R. H. Ingram
通讯作者：
Lawrence B. Pliss;E. Ingenito;R. H. Ingram