Recent strategies targeting HIV glycans in vaccine design.

Recent strategies targeting HIV glycans in vaccine design.
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针对疫苗设计中的艾滋病毒聚糖的最新策略。

DOI:
10.1038/nchembio.1685
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发表时间:
2014-12
影响因子:
14.8
通讯作者:
Krauss, Isaac J.
Krauss, Isaac J.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Horiya, Satoru;MacPherson, Iain S.;Krauss, Isaac J.

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尽管迄今为止开发艾滋病毒疫苗的努力收效甚微,但最近对具有强中和血清的艾滋病毒阳性患者的研究表明,人体免疫系统能够产生强效且广泛中和的抗体(bnAb),其中一些抗体可以中和高达 90% 的艾滋病毒株。这些抗体与病毒包膜糖蛋白 gp120 上保守的脆弱位点结合,这些位点的识别为潜在有效疫苗的设计提供了诱人的线索。碳水化合物在这一领域发挥着关键作用,因为大部分 bnAb 与 gp120 上的碳水化合物或碳水化合物和肽元素的组合结合。此外,碳水化合物部分掩盖了 bnAb 识别的一些肽表面。因此,使用工程糖蛋白和其他糖结构作为疫苗来引发具有广泛中和活性的抗体是 HIV 疫苗设计的一个关键领域。
Although efforts to develop a vaccine against HIV have so far met with little success, recent studies of HIV-positive patients with strongly neutralizing sera have shown that the human immune system is capable of producing potent and broadly-neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs), some of which neutralize up to 90 % of HIV strains. These antibodies bind to conserved vulnerable sites on the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120, and identification of these sites has provided tantalizing clues about the design of potentially effective vaccines. Carbohydrates play a key role in this field, as a large fraction of bnAbs bind to carbohydrates or combinations of carbohydrate and peptide elements on gp120. Additionally, carbohydrates partially mask some peptide surfaces recognized by bnAbs. The use of engineered glycoproteins and other glycostructures as vaccines to elicit antibodies with broad neutralizing activity is therefore a key area of interest in HIV vaccine design.
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