Virus-encoded microRNAs.

Virus-encoded microRNAs.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.virol.2011.01.002
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发表时间:
2011-03-15
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Sullivan CS
Sullivan CS
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Grundhoff A;Sullivan CS

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microRNAs (miRNAs)是一个备受关注的课题。它们是小的非编码rna,在许多不同的细胞过程中发挥调节作用,如免疫功能、细胞凋亡和肿瘤发生。一些病毒家族已经被证明可以编码mirna,并且对它们在病毒感染周期中的作用的认识也在不断增长。尽管鉴定了许多(bbbb225)病毒mirna,但对大多数病毒编码的mirna缺乏深入的功能了解。在这里,我们关注一些功能明确的病毒mirna。我们使用这些例子来推断病毒miRNA活动的一般主题,包括基因表达的自我调节,避免宿主防御,以及在维持潜伏和持续感染中可能发挥的重要作用。我们假设,尽管分子机制和机制是相似的,但大多数病毒mirna可能利用不同于宿主mirna的靶标策略。也就是说,许多病毒mirna可能已经进化到可以调节病毒编码的转录物或宿主基因网络,这些转录物或网络是病毒mirna所特有的。在后一类中包括可能丰富的一类病毒mirna,它们可能只调节一个或几个主要宿主基因。讨论了该领域的关键步骤,包括利用外科病毒miRNA突变体结合相关感染模型进行额外功能研究的必要性。
microRNAs (miRNAs) are the subject of enormous interest. They are small non-coding RNAs that play a regulatory role in numerous and diverse cellular processes such as immune function, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. Several virus families have been shown to encode miRNAs, and an appreciation for their roles in the viral infectious cycle continues to grow. Despite the identification of numerous (>225) viral miRNAs, an in depth functional understanding of most virus-encoded miRNAs is lacking. Here we focus on a few viral miRNAs with well-defined functions. We use these examples to extrapolate general themes of viral miRNA activities including autoregulation of gene expression, avoidance of host defenses, and a likely important role in maintaining latent and persistent infections. We hypothesize that although the molecular mechanisms and machinery are similar, the majority of viral miRNAs may utilize a target strategy that differs from host miRNAs. That is, many viral miRNAs may have evolved to regulate viral-encoded transcripts or networks of host genes that are unique to viral miRNAs. Included in this latter category are a likely abundant class of viral miRNAs that may regulate only one or a few principal host genes. Key steps forward for the field are discussed, including the need for additional functional studies that utilize surgical viral miRNA mutants combined with relevant models of infection.
爱泼斯坦 - 巴尔病毒编码的microRNA mir-bart2下调病毒DNA聚合酶BALF5。
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