D-Aspartate acts as a signaling molecule in nervous and neuroendocrine systems.
D-Aspartate acts as a signaling molecule in nervous and neuroendocrine systems.
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D-天冬氨酸充当神经和神经内分泌系统中的信号分子。
DOI：
10.1007/s00726-012-1364-1
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发表时间：
2012-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Sweedler, Jonathan V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ota, Nobutoshi;Shi, Ting;Sweedler, Jonathan V.
天冬氨酸(D-Aspartate，D-Asp)是脊椎动物和无脊椎动物中枢神经系统和生殖系统中的一种内源性氨基酸。在不同的解剖位置发现了高浓度的D-天冬氨酸，这表明它在动物中具有特定的生理作用。D-天冬氨酸的许多特性已被记载，包括它的组织和细胞分布、形成和降解，以及D-天冬氨酸的应用引起的反应。D-天冬氨酸在神经系统发育和激素调节中发挥着重要作用；此外，它似乎还是一个细胞间的信号分子。最近的研究表明，D-Asp满足经典神经递质的许多定义--分子的生物合成、降解、摄取和释放发生在突触前神经元中，并在释放后触发突触后神经元的反应。越来越多的证据表明，D-Asp生物合成和降解的酶的异质性分布、适当的摄取机制、突触小泡内的定位以及通过离子受体的突触后反应都符合这些标准。尽管D-天冬氨酸受体的特性尚不清楚，但D-天冬氨酸的突触后反应已被研究，已知有几种L-谷氨酸受体对D-天冬氨酸有反应。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了D-天冬氨酸在神经和神经内分泌系统中的研究现状，并强调了支持D-天冬氨酸作为信号分子的作用的结果。
D-Aspartate (D-Asp) is an endogenous amino acid in the central nervous and reproductive systems of vertebrates and invertebrates. High concentrations of D-Asp are found in distinct anatomical locations, suggesting that it has specific physiological roles in animals. Many of the characteristics of D-Asp have been documented, including its tissue and cellular distribution, formation and degradation, as well as the responses elicited by D-Asp application. D-Asp performs important roles related to nervous system development and hormone regulation; in addition, it appears to act as a cell-to-cell signaling molecule. Recent studies have shown that D-Asp fulfills many, if not all, of the definitions of a classical neurotransmitter—that the molecule’s biosynthesis, degradation, uptake, and release take place within the presynaptic neuron, and that it triggers a response in the postsynaptic neuron after its release. Accumulating evidence suggests that these criteria are met by a heterogeneous distribution of enzymes for D-Asp’s biosynthesis and degradation, an appropriate uptake mechanism, localization within synaptic vesicles, and a postsynaptic response via an ionotropic receptor. Although D-Asp receptors remain to be characterized, the postsynaptic response of D-Asp has been studied and several L-glutamate receptors are known to respond to D-Asp. In this review we discuss the current status of research on D-Asp in neuronal and neuroendocrine systems, and highlight results that support D-Asp’s role as a signaling molecule.
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影响因子：
6.7
作者：
D'Aniello, G;Ronsini, S;D'Aniello, A
通讯作者：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1016/s0006-291x(86)80329-1
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作者：
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作者：
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作者：
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