Functional significance may underlie the taxonomic utility of single amino acid substitutions in conserved proteins.

Functional significance may underlie the taxonomic utility of single amino acid substitutions in conserved proteins.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00239-010-9338-y
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发表时间:
2010-04
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Huber, Katharina T.
Huber, Katharina T.
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tyler, Kevin M.;Wagner, Gerd K.;Wu, Qiong;Huber, Katharina T.

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我们假设保守蛋白中的一些氨基酸取代被关键功能作用强烈固定,将显示谱系特异性分布。作为原型保守真核蛋白的一个例子,我们考虑了 β-微管蛋白的活性位点。我们的分析确定了一种氨基酸取代——β-微管蛋白 F224——具有高度谱系特异性。对 β-微管蛋白对其他系统发育限制氨基酸的研究发现了几种对明确的系统发育群体具有明显特异性的氨基酸。有趣的是,除了独角兽之外,没有一个表现出“超级群体”的特异性。为了理解原因,我们分析了 β-微管蛋白 Neighbor-Net,并证明了核心 β-微管蛋白(植物样)和发散 β-微管蛋白(动物和真菌)之间的基本区别。 F224几乎完全局限于核心β-微管蛋白,而分歧的β-微管蛋白则拥有Y224。因此,我们的具体例子提供了对真核生物辐射过程中与 β-微管蛋白共同进化相关的限制的深入了解,强调了 F 型核心 β-微管蛋白和 Y 型发散 β-微管蛋白之间的基本二分法。更广泛地说,我们的研究为保守蛋白活性位点中关键氨基酸的分类学用途提供了原理证明。本文的在线版本 (doi:10.1007/s00239-010-9338-y) 包含补充材料,可供授权用户使用。
We hypothesized that some amino acid substitutions in conserved proteins that are strongly fixed by critical functional roles would show lineage-specific distributions. As an example of an archetypal conserved eukaryotic protein we considered the active site of β-tubulin. Our analysis identified one amino acid substitution—β-tubulin F224—which was highly lineage specific. Investigation of β-tubulin for other phylogenetically restricted amino acids identified several with apparent specificity for well-defined phylogenetic groups. Intriguingly, none showed specificity for “supergroups” other than the unikonts. To understand why, we analysed the β-tubulin Neighbor-Net and demonstrated a fundamental division between core β-tubulins (plant-like) and divergent β-tubulins (animal and fungal). F224 was almost completely restricted to the core β-tubulins, while divergent β-tubulins possessed Y224. Thus, our specific example offers insight into the restrictions associated with the co-evolution of β-tubulin during the radiation of eukaryotes, underlining a fundamental dichotomy between F-type, core β-tubulins and Y-type, divergent β-tubulins. More broadly our study provides proof of principle for the taxonomic utility of critical amino acids in the active sites of conserved proteins. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00239-010-9338-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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