The etiology of autoimmune thyroid disease: a story of genes and environment.

The etiology of autoimmune thyroid disease: a story of genes and environment.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jaut.2009.02.007
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发表时间:
2009-05
影响因子:
12.8
通讯作者:
Huber A
Huber A
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tomer Y;Huber A

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自身免疫性甲状腺疾病(AITD),包括Graves病(GD)和桥本甲状腺炎(HT)是流行的自身免疫性疾病,影响高达5%的一般人群。自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的出现是由于环境和遗传因素之间的复杂相互作用。我们在了解导致AITD的遗传和环境触发因素方面取得了重大进展。然而,基因和环境之间的相互作用还有待确定。在已鉴定和表征的主要AITD易感性基因中,有HLADR基因座,以及非MHC基因,包括CTLA-4、CD 40、PTPN 22、甲状腺球蛋白和TSH受体基因。AITD的主要环境触发因素包括碘、药物、感染、吸烟和可能的压力。最近关于AITD遗传易感性的数据导致了新的推定机制,通过该机制,遗传-环境相互作用可能导致甲状腺自身免疫的发展。
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), including Graves’ disease (GD) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) are prevalent autoimmune diseases, affecting up to 5% of the general population. Autoimmune thyroid diseases arise due to complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors. Significant progress has been made in our understanding of the genetic and environmental triggers contributing to AITD. However, the interactions between genes and environment are yet to be defined. Among the major AITD susceptibility genes that have been identified and characterized is the HLADR gene locus, as well as non-MHC genes including the CTLA-4, CD40, PTPN22, thyroglobulin, and TSH receptor genes. The major environmental triggers of AITD include iodine, medications, infection, smoking, and possibly stress. Recent data on the genetic predisposition to AITD lead to novel putative mechanisms by which the genetic-environmental interactions may lead to the development of thyroid autoimmunity.
DOI: 10.1126/science.7537388
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