Constructing neural network models from brain data reveals representational transformations linked to adaptive behavior.

Constructing neural network models from brain data reveals representational transformations linked to adaptive behavior.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-28323-7
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发表时间:
2022-02-03
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Cole MW
Cole MW
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ito T;Yang GR;Laurent P;Schultz DH;Cole MW

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人类自适应地执行各种任务的能力被认为是从认知信息的动态转换中产生的。我们假设这些转换是通过“连接中枢”中的连接激活来实现的,连接中枢是选择性地整合感觉、认知和运动激活的大脑区域。我们利用最新的进展,使用功能连接来映射大脑区域之间的活动流,在认知控制任务期间从fMRI数据构建任务执行神经网络模型。我们验证了连接枢纽在认知计算中的重要性,通过模拟神经活动流在这个粗略估计的功能连接模型。通过将感官和任务规则激活整合到连接中枢中,这些特定的模拟产生了上述机会任务表现(运动反应)。这些发现揭示了连接枢纽在支持灵活的认知计算中的作用,同时证明了使用精确估计的神经网络模型来深入了解人类大脑中的认知计算的可行性。大脑动态地转换认知信息。在这里,作者构建了受人脑数据约束的感觉运动转换的任务执行,功能神经网络模型,而不使用典型的深度学习技术。
The human ability to adaptively implement a wide variety of tasks is thought to emerge from the dynamic transformation of cognitive information. We hypothesized that these transformations are implemented via conjunctive activations in “conjunction hubs”—brain regions that selectively integrate sensory, cognitive, and motor activations. We used recent advances in using functional connectivity to map the flow of activity between brain regions to construct a task-performing neural network model from fMRI data during a cognitive control task. We verified the importance of conjunction hubs in cognitive computations by simulating neural activity flow over this empirically-estimated functional connectivity model. These empirically-specified simulations produced above-chance task performance (motor responses) by integrating sensory and task rule activations in conjunction hubs. These findings reveal the role of conjunction hubs in supporting flexible cognitive computations, while demonstrating the feasibility of using empirically-estimated neural network models to gain insight into cognitive computations in the human brain. The brain dynamically transforms cognitive information. Here the authors build task-performing, functioning neural network models of sensorimotor transformations constrained by human brain data without the use of typical deep learning techniques.
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