Model-guided search for optimal natural-science-category training exemplars: A work in progress
Model-guided search for optimal natural-science-category training exemplars: A work in progress
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模型引导搜索最佳自然科学类别训练范例:正在进行的工作
DOI:
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
M. McDaniel
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
R. Nosofsky;Craig Sanders;Xiaojin Zhu;M. McDaniel
Under the guidance of a formal exemplar model of categorization, we conduct comparisons of natural-science classification learning across four conditions in which the nature of the training examples is manipulated. The specific domain of inquiry is rock classification in the geologic sciences; the goal is to use the model to search for optimal training examples for teaching the rock categories. On the positive side, the model makes a number of successful predictions: Most notably, compared with conditions involving focused training on small sets of training examples, generalization to novel transfer items is significantly enhanced in a condition in which learners experience a broad swath of training examples from each category. Nevertheless, systematic departures from the model predictions are also observed. Further analyses lead us to the hypothesis that the high-dimensional feature-space representation derived for the rock stimuli (to which the exemplar model makes reference) systematically underestimates within-category similarities. We suggest that this limitation is likely to arise in numerous situations in which investigators attempt to build detailed feature-space representations for naturalistic categories. A low-parameter extended version of the model that adjusts for this limitation provides dramatically improved accounts of performance across the four conditions. We outline future steps for enhancing the current feature-space representation and continuing our goal of using formal psychological models to guide the search for effective methods of teaching science categories.
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DOI:
10.1037/a0025836
发表时间:
2012-07
影响因子:
2.6
作者:
Folstein, Jonathan R.;Gauthier, Isabel;Palmeri, Thomas J.
通讯作者:
Palmeri, Thomas J.
影响因子:
4.1
作者:
NOSOFSKY, RM
通讯作者:
NOSOFSKY, RM
DOI:
10.1037//0096-1523.21.1.128
发表时间:
1995
期刊:
Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance
影响因子:
--
作者:
McKinley,SC;Nosofsky,RM
通讯作者:
Nosofsky,RM
影响因子:
--
作者:
Brainard, DH
通讯作者:
Brainard, DH
DOI:
10.1037/0278-7393.29.6.1194
发表时间:
2003
期刊:
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.
影响因子:
--
作者:
Nosofsky,RobertM;Zaki,SafaR
通讯作者:
Zaki,SafaR