Ax-Schanuel and strong minimality for the j-function

Ax-Schanuel and strong minimality for the j-function
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Ax-Schanuel 和 j 函数的强极简性

DOI:
10.1016/j.apal.2020.102871
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
0.8
通讯作者:
Aslanyan V
Aslanyan V
中科院分区:
数学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Aslanyan V

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设K:=(K;+,K,D,0,1)是特征为0的微分闭域和常数域C.本文的第一部分探讨了微分方程E(x,y)的Ax-Schanuel型定理(预维数不等式)与纤维U s:={y:E(s,y)<$y <$C}的几何之间的联系,其中s是一个非常数元素.我们证明了某些类型的预维数不等式蕴含U的强极小性和几何平凡性。此外,通过特殊的子簇给出了U的笛卡尔幂上的诱导结构.特别是,由于j-函数满足所需形式的Ax-Schanuel不等式(由于皮拉和Tsimerman),将我们的结果应用于j-函数,我们恢复了Freitag和Scanlon的定理,即j的微分方程定义了具有平凡几何的强极小集。本文第二部分研究了微分闭域的j-约简中的强极小集。设Ej(x,y)是j-函数的(二元)微分方程。证明了约简K:=(K;+,Ej)中强极小集的一个Zilber式分类结果.更精确地说,我们证明了在K中所有的强极小集都是几何平凡的或与C非正交的。我们的证明是基于Ax-Schanuel定理和一个匹配的潜在封闭性声明,该声明声称,系统的方程在E j方面有解决方案K,除非有一个解决方案相矛盾的Ax-Schanuel。
Abstract Let K:=(K;+,⋅, D, 0, 1) be a differentially closed field of characteristic 0 with field of constants C. In the first part of the paper we explore the connection between Ax-Schanuel type theorems (predimension inequalities) for a differential equation E (x, y) and the geometry of the fibres U s:={y: E (s, y)∧ y∉ C} where s is a non-constant element. We show that certain types of predimension inequalities imply strong minimality and geometric triviality of U s. Moreover, the induced structure on the Cartesian powers of U s is given by special subvarieties. In particular, since the j-function satisfies an Ax-Schanuel inequality of the required form (due to Pila and Tsimerman), applying our results to the j-function we recover a theorem of Freitag and Scanlon stating that the differential equation of j defines a strongly minimal set with trivial geometry. In the second part of the paper we study strongly minimal sets in the j-reducts of differentially closed fields. Let E j (x, y) be the (two-variable) differential equation of the j-function. We prove a Zilber style classification result for strongly minimal sets in the reduct K:=(K;+,⋅, E j). More precisely, we show that in K all strongly minimal sets are geometrically trivial or non-orthogonal to C. Our proof is based on the Ax-Schanuel theorem and a matching Existential Closedness statement which asserts that systems of equations in terms of E j have solutions in K unless having a solution contradicts Ax-Schanuel.
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