Effects of cropland encroachment on prairie pothole wetlands: numbers, density, size, shape, and structural connectivity

Effects of cropland encroachment on prairie pothole wetlands: numbers, density, size, shape, and structural connectivity
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耕地侵占对草原坑洼湿地的影响:数量、密度、大小、形状和结构连通性

DOI:
10.1007/s10980-019-00806-x
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
McIntyre, Nancy E.
McIntyre, Nancy E.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Johnston, Carol A.;McIntyre, Nancy E.

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背景农业扩张是北达科他州和南达科他州草原坑洼地区 (PPR) 湿地损失的最大根源,该地区是北美重要的水禽生产区。然而,目前尚不清楚草原转变造成的湿地损失如何改变草原坑洼网络的结构连通性。 目标我们研究了 2001 年至 2011 年期间的农业扩张如何改变 PPR 湿地的数量、大小、形状和结构连通性。我们假设湿地或湿地面积的丧失会降低景观的结构连通性。方法我们分析了已发表的栅格数据库,该数据库量化了 2001 年至 2011 年达科他州湿地的农业转变。使用 igraphR 软件包计算了一套结构连通性指标。结果研究区域内湿地面积减少了 25%,密度减少了 16%,平均面积从 2.41 减少到 2.16 公顷,而周长:面积比没有增加,因此表明较大湿地的分裂(占面积损失的 23%)和斑块区域“蚕食”(38%)所带来的变化比完全消除湿地带来的变化更大。 (39%)。然而,尽管湿地和湿地面积被耕地减少,但该网络并未显示出有限的结构连通性。 结论 由于大量剩余湿地,结构连通性并未受到湿地损失的显着影响,但随着持续的草地转化和气候变化,湿地将继续丧失。目前尚不清楚湿地损失的临界点在 PPR 中会带来生态成本。
ContextAgricultural expansion is the greatest source of wetland loss in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North and South Dakota, a critical waterfowl production area in North America. It is unknown how wetland losses from grassland conversion may alter structural connectivity in the prairie pothole network, however.ObjectivesWe examined how agricultural expansion over the period 2001–2011 altered the number, size, shape, and structural connectivity of PPR wetlands. We hypothesized that the loss of wetlands or wetland area would decrease structural connectivity on the landscape.MethodsWe analyzed a published raster database that quantified 2001–2011 agricultural conversion of wetlands in the Dakotas. A suite of structural connectivity metrics was computed using theigraphR package.ResultsWetland area decreased by 25% within the study area, density decreased by 16%, and average size decreased from 2.41 to 2.16 ha with no increase in perimeter:area ratios, thus indicating changes more from the splitting of larger wetlands (accounting for 23% of area lost) and “nibbling” at patch area (38%) than from complete wetland elimination (39%). Despite loss of wetlands and wetland area to cropland, however, the network did not display constrained structural connectivity.ConclusionsStructural connectivity has not been significantly affected by wetland losses because of the large number of remaining wetlands, but wetlands will continue to be lost with ongoing grassland conversion and climate shifts. It is unknown where the tipping point of wetland losses lies in the PPR that will incur ecological costs.
保护南达科他州东部草原坑洼地区湿地鸟类栖息地的景观方法
DOI: --
发表时间: 2000
期刊: Wetlands (Wilmington, N.C.)
影响因子: --
作者:
D. Naugle;Rex R. Johnson;Michael E. Estey;K. F. Higgins
通讯作者: K. F. Higgins
DOI: 10.1007/s10584-008-9543-5
发表时间: 2009-03-01
期刊: CLIMATIC CHANGE
影响因子: 4.8
作者:
Millett, Bruce;Johnson, W. Carter;Guntenspergen, Glenn
通讯作者: Guntenspergen, Glenn
人类影响的特征:草原坑洞景观中湿地的大小分布和空间组织。
DOI: 10.1890/14-0662.1
发表时间: 2014
期刊: Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America
影响因子: --
作者:
K. V. Van Meter;N. Basu
通讯作者: N. Basu
DOI: --
发表时间: 1990
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
J. K. Ringelman
通讯作者: J. K. Ringelman
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2014.05.006
发表时间: 2014-10-01
影响因子: 2.7
作者:
Collins, S. D.;Heintzman, L. J.;McIntyre, N. E.
通讯作者: McIntyre, N. E.