Alternative end-joining in BCR gene rearrangements and translocations.

Alternative end-joining in BCR gene rearrangements and translocations.
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BCR 基因重排和易位中的替代末端连接

DOI:
10.3724/abbs.2022051
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发表时间:
2022-05-25
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
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程序性DNA双链断裂(DSB)发生在抗原受体基因重组过程中,即发育中的B淋巴细胞中的V(D)J重组和成熟B细胞中的类别转换重组(CSR)。通过经典末端连接(c-NHEJ)修复这些DSB使得能够产生用于有效体液免疫的不同BCR库。小鼠和人类c-NHEJ基因的缺失或突变赋予不同程度的原发性免疫缺陷和淋巴恶性肿瘤的易感性,这些淋巴恶性肿瘤通常含有致癌染色体易位。在不存在c-NHEJ的情况下,替代性末端连接(A-EJ)催化稳健的CSR,并且在小得多的程度上催化V(D)J重组,但是A-EJ的机制仅是不清楚地定义。本文介绍了近年来在V(D)J重组和CSR背景下对A-EJ的研究进展,重点介绍了DSB末端加工、DNA聚合酶和连接酶,并讨论了A-EJ在淋巴发育和染色体易位中的意义。
Programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) occur during antigen receptor gene recombination, namely V(D)J recombination in developing B lymphocytes and class switch recombination (CSR) in mature B cells. Repair of these DSBs by classical end-joining (c-NHEJ) enables the generation of diverse BCR repertoires for efficient humoral immunity. Deletion of or mutation in c-NHEJ genes in mice and humans confer various degrees of primary immune deficiency and predisposition to lymphoid malignancies that often harbor oncogenic chromosomal translocations. In the absence of c-NHEJ, alternative end-joining (A-EJ) catalyzes robust CSR and to a much lesser extent, V(D)J recombination, but the mechanisms of A-EJ are only poorly defined. In this review, we introduce recent advances in the understanding of A-EJ in the context of V(D)J recombination and CSR with emphases on DSB end processing, DNA polymerases and ligases, and discuss the implications of A-EJ to lymphoid development and chromosomal translocations.
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