Field and flume measurements with the impact plate: Effect of bedload grain‐size distribution on signal response

Field and flume measurements with the impact plate: Effect of bedload grain‐size distribution on signal response
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使用冲击板进行现场和水槽测量:底土颗粒尺寸分布对信号响应的影响

DOI:
10.1002/esp.5117
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Hartlieb
Hartlieb
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nicollier;Rickenmann;Hartlieb

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瑞士板检波器是一种推移质替代监测系统,已在几个砾石床流中使用直接采样技术进行了校准。过去系统的水槽实验突出了信号响应对床面粗糙度和流速的依赖性。为了进一步发展现有的校准方法并更好地了解现场特定因素的作用,我们使用安装在起重机上的净采样器在瑞士阿尔卑斯山的两个砾石床流中对瑞士板地震检波器系统进行了校准测量。与此同时,我们在室外水槽设施中进行了全尺寸受控水槽实验,在那里我们再现了在每个现场观察到的通道特性和运输条件。我们评估了信号响应的变化,使用之间的关系输送推移质质量和检测到的脉冲或数据包(代表一个单一的颗粒的影响)的数量。使用单一晶粒尺寸的实验,我们证实,增加流速降低了信号响应。此外,我们进行了混合粒度实验,发现输送的推移质的粒度分布可以影响瑞士板地震检波器系统的信号响应超过一个数量级,并导致推移质通量的有偏估计。我们表明,信号响应的粒度分布的影响是可见的,在多个字段的网站,并讨论这种现象的可能解释。
The Swiss plate geophone is a bedload surrogate monitoring system that has been calibrated in several gravel‐bed streams using direct sampling techniques. Past systematic flume experiments have highlighted the dependency of the signal response on the bed roughness and the flow velocity. To further develop the existing calibration approaches and better understand the role of site‐specific factors, we conducted calibration measurements of the Swiss plate geophone system in two gravel‐bed streams in the Swiss Alps with a crane‐mounted net sampler. In parallel, we performed full‐scale controlled flume experiments at an outdoor flume facility, where we reproduced the channel characteristics and the transport conditions observed at each field site. We evaluated changes in signal response using relations between the transported bedload mass and the number of detected impulses or packets (representing a single particle impact). Using experiments with single grain sizes, we confirmed that increasing flow velocity reduces the signal response. Additionally, we performed mixed‐grain‐size experiments and found that the grain‐size distribution of the transported bedload can influence the signal response of the Swiss plate geophone system over more than one order of magnitude and lead to a biased estimation of the bedload flux. We show that the effect of the grain‐size distribution on the signal response is visible at multiple field sites and discuss possible explanations for this phenomenon.
在奥地利两条山涧(Fischbach 和 Ruetz)中使用冲击板地震检波器进行底土输送测量:系统校准、粒度估计和环境信号拾取
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