Retinoid-independent motor neurogenesis from human embryonic stem cells reveals a medial columnar ground state.
Retinoid-independent motor neurogenesis from human embryonic stem cells reveals a medial columnar ground state.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncomms1216
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Chandran, S.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Patani, R.;Hollins, A. J.;Wishart, T. M.;Puddifoot, C. A.;Alvarez, S.;de Lera, A. R.;Wyllie, D. J. A.;Compston, D. A. S.;Pedersen, R. A.;Gillingwater, T. H.;Hardingham, G. E.;Allen, N. D.;Chandran, S.
A major challenge in neurobiology is to understand mechanisms underlying human neuronal diversification. Motor neurons (MNs) represent a diverse collection of neuronal subtypes, displaying differential vulnerability in different human neurodegenerative diseases. The ability to manipulate cell subtype diversification is critical to establish accurate, clinically relevant in vitro disease models. Retinoid signalling contributes to caudal precursor specification and subsequent MN subtype diversification. Here we investigate the necessity for retinoic acid in motor neurogenesis from human embryonic stem cells. We show that activin/nodal signalling inhibition, followed by sonic hedgehog agonist treatment, is sufficient for MN precursor specification, which occurs even in the presence of retinoid pathway antagonists. Importantly, precursors mature into HB9/ChAT-expressing functional MNs. Furthermore, retinoid-independent motor neurogenesis results in a ground state biased to caudal, medial motor columnar identities from which a greater retinoid-dependent diversity of MNs, including those of lateral motor columns, can be selectively derived in vitro. There is much interest in generating motor neurons from embryonic stem cells because they may be useful for the study of neurodegenerative disease. Patani et al. show that in the absence of retinoic acid, neurons with features of medial motor columnar neurons can be generated from human embryonic stem cells.
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