The effects of tobacco control policies on global smoking prevalence.

The effects of tobacco control policies on global smoking prevalence.
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烟草控制政策对全球吸烟流行率的影响。

DOI:
10.1038/s41591-020-01210-8
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发表时间:
2021-03
期刊:
影响因子:
82.9
通讯作者:
Gakidou E
Gakidou E
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Flor LS;Reitsma MB;Gupta V;Ng M;Gakidou E

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在过去二十年中,特别是在世界卫生组织2003年通过《烟草控制框架公约》之后,全球为遏制烟草流行作出了巨大努力。2015年,为了认识到烟草使用造成的负担,加强烟草控制被作为全球发展目标纳入《2030年可持续发展议程》。在这里,我们表明,全面的烟草控制政策,包括禁烟令,健康警示,广告禁令和烟草税,是有效的,在减少吸烟流行率,放大的积极影响时,这些政策同时实施在一个特定的国家。我们发现,如果我们的反事实分析中包含的所有155个国家都在最严格的水平上采取了禁烟令,健康警告和广告禁令,并在2009年将卷烟价格提高到至少7.73美元,那么到2017年,世界上的吸烟者将减少约1亿。这些研究结果突出表明,各国迫切需要加快实施一套强有力的烟草控制措施,从而遏制吸烟导致的疾病和死亡负担。对2009年至2017年全球吸烟流行趋势的分析表明,国家一级的烟草控制政策在实施时非常有效;然而,在普遍采取反烟草干预措施方面仍存在相当大的差距。
Substantial global effort has been devoted to curtailing the tobacco epidemic over the past two decades, especially after the adoption of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control by the World Health Organization in 2003. In 2015, in recognition of the burden resulting from tobacco use, strengthened tobacco control was included as a global development target in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Here we show that comprehensive tobacco control policies—including smoking bans, health warnings, advertising bans and tobacco taxes—are effective in reducing smoking prevalence; amplified positive effects are seen when these policies are implemented simultaneously within a given country. We find that if all 155 countries included in our counterfactual analysis had adopted smoking bans, health warnings and advertising bans at the strictest level and raised cigarette prices to at least 7.73 international dollars in 2009, there would have been about 100 million fewer smokers in the world in 2017. These findings highlight the urgent need for countries to move toward an accelerated implementation of a set of strong tobacco control practices, thus curbing the burden of smoking-attributable diseases and deaths. Analysis of global smoking prevalence trends from 2009 to 2017 demonstrates that, when implemented, national-level tobacco control policies are highly effective; however, considerable gaps remain in the universal adoption of anti-tobacco interventions.
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32225-6
发表时间: 2018-11-10
期刊: Lancet (London, England)
影响因子: --
作者:
GBD 2017 Risk Factor Collaborators
通讯作者: GBD 2017 Risk Factor Collaborators
DOI: 10.1016/s0167-6296(00)00054-0
发表时间: 2000-11-01
影响因子: 3.5
作者:
Saffer, H;Chaloupka, F
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DOI: 10.5172/hesr.2007.16.2.115
发表时间: 2007-08-01
影响因子: 3.6
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Greaves, Lorraine
通讯作者: Greaves, Lorraine
DOI: 10.1136/tc.2010.039982
发表时间: 2011-05-01
期刊: TOBACCO CONTROL
影响因子: 5.2
作者:
Chaloupka, Frank J.;Straif, Kurt;Leon, Maria E.
通讯作者: Leon, Maria E.
DOI: 10.1080/16066359.2019.1579803
发表时间: 2019-03-18
影响因子: 2.9
作者:
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通讯作者: Bauld, Linda