An attentional scope model of rumination.
An attentional scope model of rumination.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0030923
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发表时间：
2013-09
影响因子：
22.4
通讯作者：
Gotlib, Ian H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Whitmer, Anson J.;Gotlib, Ian H.
反刍，被定义为对负面信息的重复思考，已被发现会导致严重的适应不良后果，包括更长时间和更严重的重度抑郁症发作。在这篇综述中，我们提出并讨论了研究结果的制定动机，控制信息处理的认知过程中的个体差异影响的可能性，思想将成为重复和消极的。许多研究表明，反刍的倾向（即，特质反刍）与更新工作记忆（WM）以及脱离和忘记不再相关的信息的困难有关。其他研究者已经证明，特质反刍也与忽视分散注意力的信息的能力增强以及更稳定地维持任务相关信息有关。与特质反刍相反，反刍状态被发现与认知控制的广泛缺陷有关。在本文中，我们将讨论如何控制功能的当前帐户无法解释这种模式的异常控制功能。为了解释这些发现，包括意想不到的和矛盾的结果，我们提出了一个注意力范围模型的反刍，假定一个狭窄的阵列的思想，感知，并在WM激活或可供选择的行动从LTM影响控制功能的特质反刍。这个模型解释了，在认知水平上，为什么当个体处于消极情绪状态时，反刍特别容易出现;它还解释了反刍控制文献之外的一些发现，并产生了一些新的预测。
Rumination, defined as repetitive thinking about negative information, has been found to lead to serious maladaptive consequences, including longer and more severe episodes of major depression. In this review, we present and discuss research findings motivated by the formulation that individual differences in cognitive processes that control how information is processed influence the likelihood that thoughts will become repetitive and negative. A number of studies have demonstrated that a tendency to ruminate (i.e., trait rumination) is related to difficulties updating working memory (WM) and disengaging from and forgetting no-longer-relevant information. Other investigators have documented that trait rumination is also associated with an enhanced ability to ignore distracting information and to more stable maintenance of task-relevant information. In contrast to trait rumination, a state of rumination has been found to be related to widespread deficits in cognitive control. In this paper we discuss how the current accounts of control functioning cannot explain this pattern of anomalous control functioning. To explain these findings, including unexpected and contradictory results, we present an attentional scope model of rumination that posits that a constricted array of thoughts, percepts, and actions that are activated in WM or available for selection from LTM affects the control functioning of trait ruminators. This model explains, at a cognitive level, why rumination is particularly likely to arise when individuals are in a negative mood state; it also accounts for a number of findings outside of the rumination-control literature and generates several novel predictions.
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DOI：
10.1177/1754073908097185
发表时间：
2009-01
期刊：
Emotion review : journal of the International Society for Research on Emotion
影响因子：
--
作者：
Clore GL;Huntsinger JR
通讯作者：
Huntsinger JR
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Borkovec, TD;Ray, WJ;Stöber, J
通讯作者：
Stöber, J
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Compton, RJ;Fisher, LR;Muñoz, K
通讯作者：
Muñoz, K
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Ayduk, Oezlem;Kross, Ethan
通讯作者：
Kross, Ethan
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Barnes, Robert T.;Coombes, Stephen A.;Janelle, Christopher M.
通讯作者：
Janelle, Christopher M.