The role of glucose transporters in brain disease: diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease.

The role of glucose transporters in brain disease: diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease.
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葡萄糖转运蛋白在脑病中的作用:糖尿病和阿尔茨海默氏病。

DOI:
10.3390/ijms131012629
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发表时间:
2012-10-03
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Abbruscato T
Abbruscato T
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shah K;Desilva S;Abbruscato T

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脑葡萄糖代谢改变的发生在糖尿病和阿尔茨海默氏病中早已被提出。然而,改变葡萄糖代谢的上述机制尚未得到很好的理解。葡萄糖通过主要存在于血脑屏障的葡萄糖转运蛋白进入大脑。葡萄糖转运蛋白功能和表达的任何变化都会显著影响脑葡萄糖稳态和功能。在糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病患者的大脑中,已经观察到葡萄糖转运蛋白功能和表达的变化,但是葡萄糖转运蛋白功能改变和疾病进展之间的可能联系缺失。未来认识到新的葡萄糖转运蛋白亚型在大脑中的作用,可能会提供一个更好的了解大脑葡萄糖代谢在正常和疾病状态。阐明与葡萄糖转运和代谢相关的临床病理机制可能为这两种疾病的病因提供共同的联系。考虑到这些事实,在这篇综述中,我们提供了一个目前的了解各种葡萄糖转运蛋白在正常,糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病的大脑中的重要作用。
The occurrence of altered brain glucose metabolism has long been suggested in both diabetes and Alzheimer’s diseases. However, the preceding mechanism to altered glucose metabolism has not been well understood. Glucose enters the brain via glucose transporters primarily present at the blood-brain barrier. Any changes in glucose transporter function and expression dramatically affects brain glucose homeostasis and function. In the brains of both diabetic and Alzheimer’s disease patients, changes in glucose transporter function and expression have been observed, but a possible link between the altered glucose transporter function and disease progress is missing. Future recognition of the role of new glucose transporter isoforms in the brain may provide a better understanding of brain glucose metabolism in normal and disease states. Elucidation of clinical pathological mechanisms related to glucose transport and metabolism may provide common links to the etiology of these two diseases. Considering these facts, in this review we provide a current understanding of the vital roles of a variety of glucose transporters in the normal, diabetic and Alzheimer’s disease brain.
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