Diphtheria And Tetanus Vaccination History Is Associated With Lower Odds of COVID-19 Hospitalization.
Diphtheria And Tetanus Vaccination History Is Associated With Lower Odds of COVID-19 Hospitalization.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2021.749264
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
van der Meer D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Monereo-Sánchez J;Luykx JJ;Pinzón-Espinosa J;Richard G;Motazedi E;Westlye LT;Andreassen OA;van der Meer D
新冠病毒疾病（COVID - 19）的特点是症状严重程度在个体之间存在极大差异，且大多无法解释：一些人几乎没有症状，而另一些人则患有严重的呼吸衰竭。之前针对其他病原体的疫苗接种，特别是破伤风疫苗接种，可能在一定程度上解释了这种差异，也许是通过使免疫系统做好准备。
我们利用了来自英国生物银行103049名参与者（平均年龄71.5岁，54.2%为女性）的新冠病毒检测数据，并结合了过去十年的免疫接种记录。通过逻辑回归分析，并对年龄、性别、呼吸系统疾病诊断以及社会经济状况进行协变量调整，我们测试了接种过破伤风、白喉或百日咳疫苗的个体与只接种过其他疫苗的个体在以下方面是否存在差异：1）接受新冠病毒检测；2）被诊断患有新冠病毒疾病；3）是否出现严重的新冠病毒症状。
我们发现，有白喉或破伤风疫苗接种记录的个体比只接种过其他疫苗的人更不容易出现严重的新冠病毒症状（白喉的优势比（OR）= 0.47，p值 = 5.3×10⁻⁵；破伤风的OR = 0.52，p值 = 1.2×10⁻⁴）。
这些结果表明，白喉或破伤风疫苗接种史与新冠病毒疾病症状较轻有关。这些疫苗可能通过刺激免疫系统来预防严重的新冠病毒症状。我们注意到这些结果具有相关性，然而这些疫苗可能影响新冠病毒疾病严重程度的可能性值得后续研究。
COVID-19 is characterized by strikingly large, mostly unexplained, interindividual variation in symptom severity: while some individuals remain nearly asymptomatic, others suffer from severe respiratory failure. Previous vaccinations for other pathogens, in particular tetanus, may partly explain this variation, possibly by readying the immune system. We made use of data on COVID-19 testing from 103,049 participants of the UK Biobank (mean age 71.5 years, 54.2% female), coupled to immunization records of the last ten years. Using logistic regression, covarying for age, sex, respiratory disease diagnosis, and socioeconomic status, we tested whether individuals vaccinated for tetanus, diphtheria or pertussis, differed from individuals that had only received other vaccinations on 1) undergoing a COVID-19 test, 2) being diagnosed with COVID-19, and 3) whether they developed severe COVID-19 symptoms. We found that individuals with registered diphtheria or tetanus vaccinations are less likely to develop severe COVID-19 than people who had only received other vaccinations (diphtheria odds ratio (OR)=0.47, p-value=5.3*10-5; tetanus OR=0.52, p-value=1.2*10-4). These results indicate that a history of diphtheria or tetanus vaccinations is associated with less severe manifestations of COVID-19. These vaccinations may protect against severe COVID-19 symptoms by stimulating the immune system. We note the correlational nature of these results, yet the possibility that these vaccinations may influence the severity of COVID-19 warrants follow-up investigations.
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