The impact of low-level lead toxicity on school performance among children in the Chicago Public Schools: a population-based retrospective cohort study.
The impact of low-level lead toxicity on school performance among children in the Chicago Public Schools: a population-based retrospective cohort study.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s12940-015-0008-9
复制
发表时间：
2015-04-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rosenberg D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Evens A;Hryhorczuk D;Lanphear BP;Rankin KM;Lewis DA;Forst L;Rosenberg D
环境铅暴露对教育成绩构成风险，对贫困的城市儿童尤其如此。先前的研究发现，低水平的铅暴露是学业能力下降的一个风险因素，然而，这项研究的独特之处在于样本量非常大，因为它控制了非常低的出生体重和早期早产——这两个因素与学业成绩下降密切相关。在这项研究中，我们调查了芝加哥公立学校（CPS）儿童全血铅浓度（B-Pb）与他们在伊利诺伊州标准成就测试（ISAT）阅读和数学成绩中的表现之间的关系。我们调查了1994年至1998年在芝加哥出生的58,650名儿童，他们在出生至2006年期间接受了血铅浓度测试，并在2003年至2006年期间在一所CPS学校就读三年级。我们将芝加哥出生登记、芝加哥血铅登记和三年级ISAT分数联系起来，以检验B-Pb与学校表现之间的关系。在调整了包括贫困、种族/民族、性别、母亲教育和出生体重过低或早产在内的其他学校表现预测因素后，我们发现，低于10 μg/dL的B-Pbs与三年级儿童的阅读和数学成绩呈负相关。B-Pb每增加5 μg/dL，阅读和数学的失败风险增加32% （RR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.26, 1.39）。铅对读数的影响是非线性的，在较低的B-Pbs下故障率更陡。我们估计，13%的阅读失败和14.8%的数学失败可归因于暴露于血铅浓度为5至9的环境中，而芝加哥学龄儿童的血铅浓度为0至4 μg/dL。儿童早期接触铅与三年级的标准化阅读和数学测试成绩较差有关，即使是非常低的B-Pbs。预防幼儿期铅接触对提高学习成绩至关重要。
Environmental lead exposure poses a risk to educational performance, especially among poor, urban children. Previous studies found low-level lead exposure was a risk factor for diminished academic abilities, however, this study is distinct because of the very large sample size and because it controlled for very low birth weight and early preterm birth–two factors closely associated with lower academic performance. In this study we examined the association between lead concentration in whole blood (B-Pb) of Chicago Public School (CPS) children and their performance on the 3rd grade Illinois Standard Achievement Tests (ISAT) reading and math scores. We examined 58,650 children born in Chicago between 1994 and 1998 who were tested for blood lead concentration between birth and 2006 and enrolled in the 3rd grade at a CPS school between 2003 and 2006. We linked the Chicago birth registry, the Chicago Blood Lead Registry, and 3rd grade ISAT scores to examine associations between B-Pb and school performance. After adjusting for other predictors of school performance including poverty, race/ethnicity, gender, maternal education and very low birth weight or preterm-birth, we found that B-Pbs below 10 μg/dL were inversely associated with reading and math scores in 3rd grade children. For a 5 μg/dL increase in B-Pb, the risk of failing increased by 32% for reading (RR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.26, 1.39) and math (RR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.26, 1.39). The effect of lead on reading was non-linear with steeper failure rates at lower B-Pbs. We estimated that 13% of reading failure and 14.8% of math failure can be attributed to exposure to blood lead concentrations of 5 to 9 vs. 0 to 4 μg/dL in Chicago school children. Early childhood lead exposure is associated with poorer achievement on standardized reading and math tests in the third grade, even at very low B-Pbs. Preventing lead exposure in early childhood is critical to improving school performance.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Amato, Michael S.;Moore, Colleen F.;Magzamen, Sheryl;Imm, Pamela;Havlena, Jeffrey A.;Anderson, Henry A.;Kanarek, Marty S.
通讯作者：
Kanarek, Marty S.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Zahran, S.;Mielke, H. W.;Gonzales, C.
通讯作者：
Gonzales, C.
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Miranda ML;Kim D;Galeano MA;Paul CJ;Hull AP;Morgan SP
通讯作者：
Morgan SP
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Canfield, RL;Henderson, CR;Lanphear, BP
通讯作者：
Lanphear, BP
低水平的环境铅暴露和儿童的智力功能：国际合并分析。
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Lanphear BP;Hornung R;Khoury J;Yolton K;Baghurst P;Bellinger DC;Canfield RL;Dietrich KN;Bornschein R;Greene T;Rothenberg SJ;Needleman HL;Schnaas L;Wasserman G;Graziano J;Roberts R
通讯作者：
Roberts R