The illusion of mental health.

The illusion of mental health.
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心理健康的错觉。

DOI:
10.1037//0003-066x.48.11.1117
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发表时间:
1993
期刊:
The American psychologist
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Manis,M
Manis,M
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shedler,J;Mayman,M;Manis,M

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他认为,研究人员对“客观”心理健康量表的依赖和对临床判断的忽视导致了许多错误的结论。具体地说,标准的心理健康量表似乎无法区分真正的心理健康和心理防御造成的表面或幻觉的心理健康。有证据表明,(1)许多在标准和心理健康量表上看起来健康的人心理健康并不健康,(2)虚幻的心理健康(基于防御性否认痛苦)具有心理成本,可能是医疗疾病的风险因素。临床法官能够区分真实和虚幻的心理健康,而“客观的”心理健康量表不能区分。这一发现质疑了之前许多基于标准心理健康量表的研究结论。他们提出了理解心理因素如何影响健康的新方法。最后,他们建议,临床方法(研究人员经常诋毁)可能在有意义的心理健康研究中发挥重要作用。
Argues that researchers' reliance on" objective" mental health scales and disregard for clinical judgment has led to many mistaken conclusions. Specifically, standard mental health scales appear unable to distinguish between genuine mental health and the facade or illusion of mental health created by psychological defenses. Evidence is presented indicating that (1) many people who look healthy on standard and mental health scales are not psychologically healthy and (2) illusory mental health (based on defensive denial of distress) has psychological costs and may be a risk factor for medical illness. Clinical judges could distinguish genuine from illusory mental health, whereas" objective" mental health scales could not. The findings call into question the conclusions of many previous studies that rest on standard mental health scales. They suggest new ways of understanding how psychological factors may influence health. Finally, they suggest that clinical methods (which researchers often malign) may have an important role to play in meaningful mental health research.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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