Oxidative Weathering and Microbial Diversity of an Inactive Seafloor Hydrothermal Sulfide Chimney.
Oxidative Weathering and Microbial Diversity of an Inactive Seafloor Hydrothermal Sulfide Chimney.
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不活跃海底热液硫化物烟囱的氧化风化和微生物多样性
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2017.01378
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Zhou H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li J;Cui J;Yang Q;Cui G;Wei B;Wu Z;Wang Y;Zhou H
当其热液供应停止时，热液硫化物烟囱变得不活跃，通常在海底经历氧化风化。然而，鲜为人知的是，不活跃的硫化物烟囱的氧化风化，也不相关的微生物群落结构和它们的演替在这个风化过程中。在这项工作中，一个不活跃的硫化物烟囱和一个年轻的烟囱在硫酸盐形成的早期阶段，从胡安德富卡海岭的主要奋进领域收集。为了评估氧化风化，次生蚀变产物积累在烟囱表面的超微结构进行了检查和可能的铁氧化细菌（FeOB）的存在进行了研究。超微结构观察结果表明，FeOB相关的超微结构具有指示性的形态丰富存在。铁氧化菌主要由与Gallionella spp密切相关的成员组成。和Mariprofundus spp.，表明铁氧化物种可能促进非活性硫化物烟囱的氧化风化。富铁物质的非生物积累进一步表明，氧化风化是一个复杂的，动态的过程，交替控制FeOB和非生物氧化。虽然热液流动已经停止，但不活跃的烟囱仍然容纳着丰富多样的微生物组，其微生物组成和代谢潜力与活跃喷口的对应物截然不同。目前不活跃的烟囱中的细菌谱系主要由α-、δ-和γ-变形菌门的成员组成，它们被推断为与一系列不同的地球化学过程密切相关，包括铁氧化、固氮、氨氧化和反硝化。最后，通过对不同形成阶段热液烟囱内微生物群落的研究，可以推断出从硫酸盐烟囱的早期形成阶段到活跃的成熟硫化物结构，再到最终的非活跃蚀变硫化物烟囱的一般微生物群落演替。我们的研究结果提供了有价值的见解微生物参与的氧化风化过程和微生物演替发生在不活跃的热液硫化物烟囱后，高温热液流体已经停止排气。
When its hydrothermal supply ceases, hydrothermal sulfide chimneys become inactive and commonly experience oxidative weathering on the seafloor. However, little is known about the oxidative weathering of inactive sulfide chimneys, nor about associated microbial community structures and their succession during this weathering process. In this work, an inactive sulfide chimney and a young chimney in the early sulfate stage of formation were collected from the Main Endeavor Field of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. To assess oxidative weathering, the ultrastructures of secondary alteration products accumulating on the chimney surface were examined and the presence of possible Fe-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) was investigated. The results of ultrastructure observation revealed that FeOB-associated ultrastructures with indicative morphologies were abundantly present. Iron oxidizers primarily consisted of members closely related to Gallionella spp. and Mariprofundus spp., indicating Fe-oxidizing species likely promote the oxidative weathering of inactive sulfide chimneys. Abiotic accumulation of Fe-rich substances further indicates that oxidative weathering is a complex, dynamic process, alternately controlled by FeOB and by abiotic oxidization. Although hydrothermal fluid flow had ceased, inactive chimneys still accommodate an abundant and diverse microbiome whose microbial composition and metabolic potential dramatically differ from their counterparts at active vents. Bacterial lineages within current inactive chimney are dominated by members of α-, δ-, and γ-Proteobacteria and they are deduced to be closely involved in a diverse set of geochemical processes including iron oxidation, nitrogen fixation, ammonia oxidation and denitrification. At last, by examining microbial communities within hydrothermal chimneys at different formation stages, a general microbial community succession can be deduced from early formation stages of a sulfate chimney to actively mature sulfide structures, and then to the final inactive altered sulfide chimney. Our findings provide valuable insights into the microbe-involved oxidative weathering process and into microbial succession occurring at inactive hydrothermal sulfide chimney after high-temperature hydrothermal fluids have ceased venting.
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影响因子：
4.4
作者：
EMERSON, D;GHIORSE, WC
通讯作者：
GHIORSE, WC
影响因子：
5
作者：
Edwards, KJ;McCollom, TM;Buseck, PR
通讯作者：
Buseck, PR
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
DeLong, EF;Preston, CM;Karl, DM
通讯作者：
Karl, DM
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Alain, K;Zbinden, M;Cambon-Bonavita, MA
通讯作者：
Cambon-Bonavita, MA
DOI：
10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.05.002
发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
3
作者：
Erickson, K. L.;Macko, S. A.;Van Dover, C. L.
通讯作者：
Van Dover, C. L.