A Social-Ecological Framework of Theory, Assessment, and Prevention of Suicide.
A Social-Ecological Framework of Theory, Assessment, and Prevention of Suicide.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01756
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kapusta ND
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cramer RJ;Kapusta ND
不断上升的自杀率与不断呼吁预防自杀的努力相结合，需要新的方法。这份个人观点工作以美国疾病控制与预防中心 (CDC) 解决健康问题的框架为基础，整合了相关的自杀风险/保护因素、评估和干预/预防文献。基于自杀风险的这些组成部分，我们提出了社会生态自杀预防模型（SESPM），该模型整合了一般和特定人群的风险和保护因素。我们还利用这种多层次的视角来提供一种结构化的方法来理解当前有关自杀的理论和干预/预防工作。继人际暴力和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）领域类似的多层次预防工作之后，我们为社会生态学自杀预防理论、培训、研究、评估和干预规划提供建议。尽管 SESPM 呼吁进一步进行实证检验，但它为根据特定人群的需求定制当前的预防和干预计划提供了合适的背景。此外，多层次模型有望推动自杀风险评估向前发展（例如，开发多层次自杀风险算法或结构化专业判断工具），以克服该领域当前的局限性。最后，我们阐明了基于社会生态的自杀预防计划的一系列特征。其中包括需要在每个多层层面以最强程度的实证支持来解决风险和保护因素，纳入全面的计划评估策略，并在预防层面使用各种预防技术。
The juxtaposition of increasing suicide rates with continued calls for suicide prevention efforts begs for new approaches. Grounded in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) framework for tackling health issues, this personal views work integrates relevant suicide risk/protective factor, assessment, and intervention/prevention literatures. Based on these components of suicide risk, we articulate a Social-Ecological Suicide Prevention Model (SESPM) which provides an integration of general and population-specific risk and protective factors. We also use this multi-level perspective to provide a structured approach to understanding current theories and intervention/prevention efforts concerning suicide. Following similar multi-level prevention efforts in interpersonal violence and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) domains, we offer recommendations for social-ecologically informed suicide prevention theory, training, research, assessment, and intervention programming. Although the SESPM calls for further empirical testing, it provides a suitable backdrop for tailoring of current prevention and intervention programs to population-specific needs. Moreover, the multi-level model shows promise to move suicide risk assessment forward (e.g., development of multi-level suicide risk algorithms or structured professional judgments instruments) to overcome current limitations in the field. Finally, we articulate a set of characteristics of social-ecologically based suicide prevention programs. These include the need to address risk and protective factors with the strongest degree of empirical support at each multi-level layer, incorporate a comprehensive program evaluation strategy, and use a variety of prevention techniques across levels of prevention.
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影响因子：
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