Estimating the burden of occupational cancer as a strategic step to prevention.
Estimating the burden of occupational cancer as a strategic step to prevention.
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DOI：
10.1038/bjc.2012.135
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发表时间：
2012-06-19
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Straif, Kurt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Straif, Kurt
尽管对定量估计的准确性存在争议，但似乎有一个广泛的共识，即职业性癌症“往往集中在相对较小的人群中，这些人群中发生疾病的风险可能相当大，一旦被发现，这种风险通常可以降低甚至消除。因此，在任何癌症预防方案中，职业危害的检测都应比其比例重要性所暗示的更优先（Doll和Peto，1981年）。此外，大量工人暴露于低水平的低风险也可能大大增加癌症的总体负担。为了实现这一目标，英国健康和安全执行局（HSE）启动了一项战略方针，以减少英国职业性癌症的发病率，并根据可靠的证据确定预防职业性癌症的优先事项。为此，Rushton等人（2010）在帝国理工学院伦敦，职业医学研究所，环境与健康研究所和健康与安全实验室对英国职业性癌症的负担进行了全面评估。作为该项目的一部分，两个HSE-2004年11月和2006年6月举办了由联合国赞助的讲习班，使国家和国际专家聚集一堂，讨论与该项目有关的问题，并就适当的方法和数据要求。这两个讲习班的许多与会者在整个项目期间提供了咨询意见，特别是关于选择适当的风险估计数和分配工业部门的接触水平。根据2004年英国的发病率和2005年的死亡率（Rushton et al，2010），Rushton et al（2008）的该项目早期结果现已更新和扩展。
Despite controversies about the accuracy of quantitative estimates there seems to be a broad consensus that occupational cancer ‘tends to be concentrated among relatively small groups of people among whom the risk of developing the disease may be quite large, and such risks can usually be reduced or even eliminated, once they have been identified. The detection of occupational hazards should therefore have a higher priority in any programme of cancer prevention than their proportional importance might suggest (Doll and Peto, 1981). Moreover, low risk experienced by large numbers of workers exposed at low levels can also contribute substantially to an overall burden of cancer. To pursue this aim, the British Health and Safety Executive (HSE) initiated a strategic approach to reduce the incidence of occupational cancer in Great Britain and to determine priorities for preventing occupational cancer based on sound evidence. To this end, Rushton et al (2010) at Imperial College London, the Institute of Occupational Medicine, the Institute of Environment and Health and the Health and Safety Laboratory carried out a comprehensive estimate of the burden of occupational cancer in Britain.As part of this project two HSE-sponsored workshops were held in November 2004 and June 2006 that brought together national and international experts to discuss the issues relevant to the project and to advise on the appropriate methodology and data requirements. Many of the participants from the two workshops contributed advice throughout the project, particularly regarding selection of appropriate risk estimates and allocation of exposure levels to industry sectors. Earlier results of this project by Rushton et al(2008) have now been updated and extended, based on incidence in Britain in 2004 and mortality in 2005 (Rushton et al, 2010).
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影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Jarvholm, Bengt;Reuterwall, Christina;Bystedt, Jennie
通讯作者：
Bystedt, Jennie
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Tan, E.;Warren, N.;Hodgson, J. T.
通讯作者：
Hodgson, J. T.
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Rushton, L.;Hutchings, S.;Brown, T.
通讯作者：
Brown, T.
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
通讯作者：
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