The neurogenetics of sexually dimorphic behaviors from a postdevelopmental perspective

The neurogenetics of sexually dimorphic behaviors from a postdevelopmental perspective
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从后发育的角度研究性二态性行为的神经遗传学

DOI:
10.1111/gbb.12623
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
3.1
通讯作者:
Ben‐Shahar, Yehuda
Ben‐Shahar, Yehuda
中科院分区:
心理学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Leitner, Nicole;Ben‐Shahar, Yehuda

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大多数有性繁殖的动物物种都具有两种形态和行为上截然不同的性别。产生两性异形的遗传、分子和细胞过程在遗传学上是多样的,尽管在大多数情况下,它们被认为发生在发育的早期。然而,在某些物种中,性二型在发育完成后才表现出来,这表明了一个有趣的假设,即性,更普遍地说,可能被认为是一种受发育和发育后过程影响的连续性状。在这里,我们探讨了生物性别是如何在遗传,神经元和行为水平上定义的,它对神经元发育和功能的影响,以及它如何导致健康和疾病中的性二态行为特征。我们还提出了一个统一的框架来理解神经元和行为的发育和发育后,生理时间尺度的背景下的性二态性。总之,这两个时间上独立的过程可能会驱动性成熟成年人的性别特异性神经元功能,特别是当它涉及健康和疾病的行为时。
Most sexually reproducing animal species are characterized by two morphologically and behaviorally distinct sexes. The genetic, molecular and cellular processes that produce sexual dimorphisms are phylogenetically diverse, though in most cases they are thought to occur early in development. In some species, however, sexual dimorphisms are manifested after development is complete, suggesting the intriguing hypothesis that sex, more generally, might be considered a continuous trait that is influenced by both developmental and postdevelopmental processes. Here, we explore how biological sex is defined at the genetic, neuronal and behavioral levels, its effects on neuronal development and function, and how it might lead to sexually dimorphic behavioral traits in health and disease. We also propose a unifying framework for understanding neuronal and behavioral sexual dimorphisms in the context of both developmental and postdevelopmental, physiological timescales. Together, these two temporally separate processes might drive sex‐specific neuronal functions in sexually mature adults, particularly as it pertains to behavior in health and disease.
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