Identification of Policy Priorities to Address the Burden of Smokeless Tobacco in Pakistan: A Multimethod Analysis.
Identification of Policy Priorities to Address the Burden of Smokeless Tobacco in Pakistan: A Multimethod Analysis.
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntz163
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发表时间：
2020-12-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
ASTRA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Siddiqi K;Islam Z;Khan Z;Siddiqui F;Mishu M;Dogar O;Shah V;Khan J;Pokhrel S;Iqbal R;Bauld L;Sheikh A;Grugel J;ASTRA
我们评估了巴基斯坦无烟烟草（ST）使用的规模，并确定了政策差距，以帮助确定短期，中期和长期优先事项。然后，我们征求了利益相关者的意见，以确定哪些优先事项是最重要的。在一项多方法研究中，我们分析了全球烟草监测系统的数据集，以估计ST消费和疾病负担;进行了文献综述，以确定与吸烟相比控制ST的政策差距;在互动研讨会上征求利益相关者的意见，以确定一套可用于解决巴基斯坦ST负担的政策选择;并使用事件后调查对政策优先事项进行排名。在巴基斯坦的所有烟草使用者中（n = 2400万），三分之一的男性和三分之二的女性消费ST，2017年，其使用导致约18711人死于癌症和缺血性心脏病。与吸烟相比，控制ST的政策明显滞后。科技政策的优先领域包括：禁止向未成年人和由未成年人销售科技产品、宣传运动、实行许可证制度、对科技产品征税和使科技产品包装标准化。需要明确承诺国家行为者和利益攸关群体之间的密切合作，以创造一种支持和信息环境，促进有效的决策。巴基斯坦的无烟烟草控制应侧重于四个关键政策工具：立法、教育、财政政策和戒烟支持。还需要对这些政策的有效性进行更多的研究。查明了巴基斯坦改进科技监管的一些机会。其中，当务之急包括禁止向未成年人和由未成年人出售ST销售，动员宣传运动，通过1958年《烟草商法》实行许可证制度，对ST征税，以及使ST包装标准化。
We assessed the magnitude of smokeless tobacco (ST) use in Pakistan and identified policy gaps to help ascertain short-, medium-, and long-term priorities. We then elicited stakeholders’ views as to which of these identified priorities are most important. In a multimethod study, we: analyzed Global Tobacco Surveillance System data sets to estimate ST consumption and disease burden; conducted a documentary review to identify gaps in policies to control ST in comparison with smoking; elicited stakeholders’ views in an interactive workshop to identify a set of policy options available to address ST burden in Pakistan; and ranked policy priorities using a postevent survey. Among all tobacco users in Pakistan (n = 24 million), one-third of men and two-thirds of women consume ST. In 2017, its use led to an estimated 18 711 deaths due to cancer and ischemic heart disease. Compared to smoking, policies to control ST lag behind significantly. Priority areas for ST policies included: banning ST sale to and by minors, advocacy campaigns, introduction of licensing, levying taxes on ST, and standardizing ST packaging. A clear commitment to close cooperation between state actors and stakeholder groups is needed to create a climate of support and information for effective policy making. Smokeless tobacco control in Pakistan should focus on four key policy instruments: legislation, education, fiscal policies, and quit support. More research into the effectiveness of such policies is also needed. A number of opportunities to improve ST regulation in Pakistan were identified. Among these, immediate priorities include banning ST sale to and by minors, mobilizing advocacy campaign, introduction of licensing through the 1958 Tobacco Vendors Act, levying taxes on ST, and standardizing ST packaging.
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影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Saqib, Muhammad Arif Nadeem;Rafique, Ibrar;Bhatti, Lubna
通讯作者：
Bhatti, Lubna
DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32335-3
发表时间：
2018-11-10
期刊：
Lancet (London, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
GBD 2017 DALYs and HALE Collaborators
通讯作者：
GBD 2017 DALYs and HALE Collaborators
影响因子：
9.3
作者：
Siddiqi K;Shah S;Abbas SM;Vidyasagaran A;Jawad M;Dogar O;Sheikh A
通讯作者：
Sheikh A
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Siddiqi, Kamran;Scammell, Katy;Watt, Ian
通讯作者：
Watt, Ian
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Stanfill, Stephen B.;Connolly, Gregory N.;Watson, Clifford H.
通讯作者：
Watson, Clifford H.