Optimal matrix rigidity for stress fiber polarization in stem cells.

Optimal matrix rigidity for stress fiber polarization in stem cells.
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DOI:
10.1038/nphys1613
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发表时间:
2010-06-01
期刊:
影响因子:
19.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理1区
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人类间充质干细胞的形态和分化对其环境的刚性特别敏感;涉及的物理机制尚不清楚。理论模型和实验表明,干细胞内应力纤维的极化/排列是非单调的基质刚性函数。我们将细胞视为周围基质中的一个活跃的弹性包裹体,它的极化率不同于死物质,取决于响应基质应力而产生的细胞力的反馈。该理论正确地预测了细胞内力随基质刚度和应力纤维平行于细胞长轴的排列而单调增加。我们证明了这种排列的各向异性非单调地依赖于基质刚性,并通过量化干细胞中应力纤维的取向分布来实验地证明了这一点。这些发现为干细胞分化对组织弹性的依赖提供了第一个物理洞察力。
The shape and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells is especially sensitive to the rigidity of their environment; the physical mechanisms involved are unknown. A theoretical model and experiments demonstrate here that the polarization/alignment of stress-fibers within stem cells is a non-monotonic function of matrix rigidity. We treat the cell as an active elastic inclusion in a surrounding matrix whose polarizability, unlike dead matter, depends on the feedback of cellular forces that develop in response to matrix stresses. The theory correctly predicts the monotonic increase of the cellular forces with the matrix rigidity and the alignment of stress-fibers parallel to the long axis of cells. We show that the anisotropy of this alignment depends non-monotonically on matrix rigidity and demonstrate it experimentally by quantifying the orientational distribution of stress-fibers in stem cells. These findings offer a first physical insight for the dependence of stem cell differentiation on tissue elasticity.
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