Emerging Views on the CTD Code.

Emerging Views on the CTD Code.
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DOI:
10.1155/2012/347214
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ansari AZ
Ansari AZ
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang DW;Rodríguez-Molina JB;Tietjen JR;Nemec CM;Ansari AZ

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The C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) consists of conserved heptapeptide repeats that function as a binding platform for different protein complexes involved in transcription, RNA processing, export, and chromatin remodeling. The CTD repeats are subject to sequential waves of posttranslational modifications during specific stages of the transcription cycle. These patterned modifications have led to the postulation of the “CTD code” hypothesis, where stage-specific patterns define a spatiotemporal code that is recognized by the appropriate interacting partners. Here, we highlight the role of CTD modifications in directing transcription initiation, elongation, and termination. We examine the major readers, writers, and erasers of the CTD code and examine the relevance of describing patterns of posttranslational modifications as a “code.” Finally, we discuss major questions regarding the function of the newly discovered CTD modifications and the fundamental insights into transcription regulation that will necessarily emerge upon addressing those challenges.
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