Association Between Medication-Taking and Refractive Error in a Large General Population-Based Cohort.
Association Between Medication-Taking and Refractive Error in a Large General Population-Based Cohort.
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DOI：
10.1167/iovs.62.2.15
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Hysi PG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Patasova K;Khawaja AP;Tamraz B;Williams KM;Mahroo OA;Freidin M;Solebo AL;Vehof J;Falchi M;Rahi JS;Hammond CJ;Hysi PG
屈光不正，尤其是近视，很常见，也是导致失明的主要原因。本研究旨在探讨老年群体中药物与屈光不正之间的关联，并确定儿童期发病的屈光不正是否可以预测未来的药物使用，从而为疾病机制提供新的见解。该研究比较了 102,318 名英国生物银行参与者服用 960 种最常用药物时测得的球当量值。根据自我报告的佩戴眼镜的年龄来评估关联的强度。使用敏感性和孟德尔随机化分析推断屈光不正变化的因果关系。抗青光眼药物与近视屈光度增加 1 至 2 屈光度有关，特别是对于在生命的前二十年开始配戴矫正的受试者，可能是由于早年眼压较高与近视和晚年青光眼有关。在对剥夺、教育、多药治疗和常见诊断的敏感性分析进行校正后，所有类别的疼痛控制药物，包括扑热息痛、阿片类药物、非甾体抗炎药和加巴喷丁类药物，都与更大的远视（+0.68-1.15屈光度）相关。口服降糖药（二甲双胍、格列苯脲）与近视有关，别嘌呤醇也是如此，而使用支气管扩张剂（异丙托溴铵和沙丁胺醇）的参与者远视程度更高。据我们所知，这项研究首次发现药物使用与成人屈光不正有关。镇痛药与远视屈光有关的新发现以及多部位慢性疼痛诱发远视的可能性值得进一步研究。一些药物，例如降血糖药或支气管扩张剂，可能会直接改变屈光不正。眼内压似乎是近视的原因。
Refractive errors, particularly myopia, are common and a leading cause of blindness. This study aimed to explore associations between medications and refractive error in an aging adult cohort and to determine whether childhood-onset refractive errors predict future medication use to provide novel insights into disease mechanisms. The study compared the spherical equivalent values measured in 102,318 UK Biobank participants taking the 960 most commonly used medications. The strengths of associations were evaluated against the self-reported age of spectacle wear. The causality of refractive error changes was inferred using sensitivity and Mendelian randomization analyses. Anti-glaucoma drugs were associated with 1 to 2 diopters greater myopic refraction, particularly in subjects who started wearing correction in the first two decades of life, potentially due to the association of higher intraocular pressure since early years with both myopia and, later in life, glaucoma. All classes of pain-control medications, including paracetamol, opiates, non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, and gabapentinoids, were associated with greater hyperopia (+0.68–1.15 diopters), after correction for deprivation, education, and polypharmacy and sensitivity analyses for common diagnoses. Oral hypoglycemics (metformin, gliburonide) were associated with myopia, as was allopurinol, and participants using bronchodilators (ipratropium and salbutamol) were more hyperopic. This study finds for the first time, to our knowledge, that medication use is associated with refractive error in adults. The novel finding that analgesics are associated with hyperopic refraction, and the possibility that multisite chronic pain predisposes to hyperopia, deserves further research. Some drugs, such as antihyperglycemic or bronchodilators, may directly alter refractive error. Intraocular pressure appears causative for myopia.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Bycroft C;Freeman C;Petkova D;Band G;Elliott LT;Sharp K;Motyer A;Vukcevic D;Delaneau O;O'Connell J;Cortes A;Welsh S;Young A;Effingham M;McVean G;Leslie S;Allen N;Donnelly P;Marchini J
通讯作者：
Marchini J
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Luo, Chenqi;Chen, Xinyi;Yao, Ke
通讯作者：
Yao, Ke
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Jacobsen, Nina;Jensen, Hanne;Goldschmidt, Ernst
通讯作者：
Goldschmidt, Ernst
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Li, Y-J;Perng, W-T;Wei, J. C-C
通讯作者：
Wei, J. C-C
DOI：
10.1212/con.0000000000000771
发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bouffard, Marc A
通讯作者：
Bouffard, Marc A