Bidirectional Associations Between Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms and Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Dynamic Panel Models With Fixed Effects.
Bidirectional Associations Between Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms and Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Dynamic Panel Models With Fixed Effects.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2021.738892
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Herring MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McDowell CP;Meyer JD;Russell DW;Sue Brower C;Lansing J;Herring MP
背景资料：了解心理健康与孤独之间的联系的方向和程度，对于了解如何最好地预防和治疗心理健康和孤独非常重要。这项研究使用了在整个COVID-19大流行期间收集的8周以上的每周数据，以扩展先前的发现，并使用了具有固定效应的动态面板模型，该模型解释了所有时不变混杂和反向因果关系。研究方法：通过在线调查在连续9个时间点（2020年4月3日至6月3日）每周收集来自美国所有50个州和哥伦比亚特区的便利和雪球样本的前瞻性数据（n = 2，361，≥2个回复，63.8%为女性; 76%留存率）。在每个时间点评估焦虑和抑郁症状以及孤独感，参与者报告了他们所遵循的COVID-19遏制策略。具有固定效应的动态面板模型研究了焦虑和抑郁症状与孤独感之间的双向关联，以及COVID-19遏制策略与这些结果之间的关联。结果如下：在随后的时间点，抑郁症状与焦虑症状（β = 0.065，95% CI = 0.022-0.109; p = 0.004）和孤独感（β = 0.019，0.008-0.030; p = 0.001）的小幅增加相关。焦虑症状与随后的孤独感小幅增加相关（β = 0.014，0.003-0.025; p = 0.015），但与抑郁症状无关（β = 0.025，-0.020-0.070; p = 0.281）。孤独症与随后抑郁（β = 0.309，0.159-0.459; p < 0.001）和焦虑（β = 0.301，0.165-0.436; p < 0.001）症状的增加密切相关。与保持社交距离相比，遵守居家令或隔离与焦虑和抑郁症状或孤独感无关（均p ≥ 0.095）。结论：高度孤独感可能是未来出现焦虑或抑郁症状的关键风险因素，强调了在COVID-19大流行期间和之后对抗或预防孤独感的必要性。COVID-19遏制策略与心理健康无关，这表明其他因素可能解释了之前关于整个大流行期间心理健康恶化的报告。
Background: Understanding the direction and magnitude of mental health-loneliness associations across time is important to understand how best to prevent and treat mental health and loneliness. This study used weekly data collected over 8 weeks throughout the COVID-19 pandemic to expand previous findings and using dynamic panel models with fixed effects which account for all time-invariant confounding and reverse causation. Methods: Prospective data on a convenience and snowball sample from all 50 US states and the District of Colombia (n = 2,361 with ≥2 responses, 63.8% female; 76% retention rate) were collected weekly via online survey at nine consecutive timepoints (April 3–June 3, 2020). Anxiety and depressive symptoms and loneliness were assessed at each timepoint and participants reported the COVID-19 containment strategies they were following. Dynamic panel models with fixed effects examined bidirectional associations between anxiety and depressive symptoms and loneliness, and associations of COVID-19 containment strategies with these outcomes. Results: Depressive symptoms were associated with small increases in both anxiety symptoms (β = 0.065, 95% CI = 0.022–0.109; p = 0.004) and loneliness (β = 0.019, 0.008–0.030; p = 0.001) at the subsequent timepoint. Anxiety symptoms were associated with a small subsequent increase in loneliness (β = 0.014, 0.003–0.025; p = 0.015) but not depressive symptoms (β = 0.025, −0.020–0.070; p = 0.281). Loneliness was strongly associated with subsequent increases in both depressive (β = 0.309, 0.159–0.459; p < 0.001) and anxiety (β = 0.301, 0.165–0.436; p < 0.001) symptoms. Compared to social distancing, adhering to stay-at-home orders or quarantining were not associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms or loneliness (both p ≥ 0.095). Conclusions: High loneliness may be a key risk factor for the development of future anxiety or depressive symptoms, underscoring the need to combat or prevent loneliness both throughout and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 containment strategies were not associated with mental health, indicating that other factors may explain previous reports of mental health deterioration throughout the pandemic.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Hughes, ME;Waite, LJ;Cacioppo, JT
通讯作者：
Cacioppo, JT
DOI：
10.1080/10705511.2014.856691
发表时间：
2014-01-02
影响因子：
6
作者：
Bollen, Kenneth A.;Harden, Jeffrey J.;Zavisca, Jane
通讯作者：
Zavisca, Jane
DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113521
发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
Social science & medicine (1982)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bu F;Steptoe A;Fancourt D
通讯作者：
Fancourt D
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Cindrich SL;Lansing JE;Brower CS;McDowell CP;Herring MP;Meyer JD
通讯作者：
Meyer JD
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Galea, Sandro;Tracy, Melissa;Karpati, Adam
通讯作者：
Karpati, Adam