Effect of Noise and Music on Neurotransmitters in the Amygdala: The Role Auditory Stimuli Play in Emotion Regulation.
Effect of Noise and Music on Neurotransmitters in the Amygdala: The Role Auditory Stimuli Play in Emotion Regulation.
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DOI：
10.3390/metabo13080928
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发表时间：
2023-08-08
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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噪音引起的压力正在全球范围内蔓延。噪音可能导致耳聋、内分泌失调、神经系统疾病和心理健康下降。噪声引起的神经发育异常的机制尚不清楚，但细胞凋亡和促炎信号可能起着重要作用。本研究以断奶仔猪为模型，探讨噪声对仔猪神经发育的影响。我们假设长期的噪音暴露会引起焦虑和急性应激，表现为杏仁核神经传递的改变。将72头杂交仔猪（大白色×杜洛克×民猪）随机分为3组，分别为噪音组（暴露于机械噪音，80-85 dB）、对照组（空白，暴露于自然背景声，<40 dB）和音乐组（阳性对照，暴露于莫扎特K.448，60-70 dB）。每天（10：00-16：00）暴露于6 h的听觉噪声中，连续28 d。与对照组相比，噪声暴露组仔猪表现出更强的攻击行为。噪声组仔猪杏仁核中Caspase 3、Caspase 9、Bax、NF-κB（p56）、TLR 4、MYD 88、I κ B α、IL-1 β、TNF-α和IL-12 RB 2的表达显著上调，而Nrf 2、HO-1、CAT和SOD的表达显著下调。噪声组仔猪杏仁核内出现细胞死亡，大量炎性细胞聚集。靶向代谢组学研究表明，噪声组仔猪杏仁核中抑制性神经递质GABA含量较高。与噪声组相比，音乐组仔猪表现出更多的积极情绪相关行为。与噪声组相比，音乐组中与凋亡、炎症和氧化损伤相关的基因表达较低。音乐组杏仁核细胞形态正常。我们的研究结果表明，噪声引起的压力导致细胞凋亡和神经炎症的杏仁核和诱导焦虑在早期新生儿神经发育的仔猪。相反，在某种程度上，音乐缓解了噪音引起的焦虑。
Stress caused by noise is becoming widespread globally. Noise may lead to deafness, endocrine disorders, neurological diseases, and a decline in mental health. The mechanism behind noise-induced neurodevelopmental abnormalities is unclear, but apoptosis and pro-inflammatory signals may play an important role. In this study, weaned piglets were used as a model to explore noise-induced neurodevelopmental abnormalities. We hypothesized that long-term noise exposure would induce anxiety and cause acute stress, exhibited by alterations in neurotransmission in the amygdala. A total of 72 hybrid piglets (Large White × Duroc × Min Pig) were randomly divided into three groups, including noise (exposed to mechanical noise, 80–85 dB), control (blank, exposed to natural background sound, <40 dB), and music (positive control, exposed to Mozart K.448, 60–70 dB) groups. The piglets were exposed to 6 h of auditory noise daily (10:00–16:00) for 28 days. Compared with the control group, piglets exposed to noise showed more aggressive behavior. The expression of Caspase3, Caspase9, Bax, NF-κB (p56), TLR4, MYD88, I κ B α, IL-1 β, TNF-α, and IL-12RB2 was significantly upregulated in the amygdala, while the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, CAT, and SOD was downregulated in piglets in the noise group. Cell death occurred, and numerous inflammatory cells accumulated in the amygdala of piglets in the noise group. Targeted metabolomics showed that the content of inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA was higher in the amygdala of piglets in the noise group. Compared with the noise group, piglets in the music group displayed more positive emotion-related behaviors. Compared with the noise group, the expression of genes related to apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative damage was lower in the music group. Cells of the amygdala in the music group were also of normal morphology. Our results show that noise-induced stress causes apoptosis and neuroinflammation in the amygdala and induces anxiety during the early neonatal neural development of piglets. In contrast, to some extent, music alleviates noise-induced anxiety.
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