Chemical and molecular tools to probe biological sex differences at multiple length scales.

Chemical and molecular tools to probe biological sex differences at multiple length scales.
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DOI:
10.1039/d2tb00871h
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发表时间:
2022-09-28
期刊:
Journal of materials chemistry. B
影响因子:
--
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--
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其他
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生物学中的性别差异在多个不同的长度尺度和跨器官系统中被观察到。关于分子、细胞和环境因素如何导致生理上的性别差异,我们的认识仍然存在差距。在这里,我们就如何利用化学和分子工具在分子、细胞内、细胞外、组织和器官长度尺度上探索生物学中的性别差异提供了我们的观点。我们提供了使用化学和分子工具来探索心血管、神经、免疫和生殖系统性别差异的例子,并提供了化学和分子工具可以应用于继续研究生物学性别差异的未来前景。
Sex differences in biology are observed at multiple different length scales and across organ systems. Gaps in knowledge remain regarding our understanding of how molecular, cellular, and environmental factors contribute to physiological sex differences. Here, we provide our perspective on how chemical and molecular tools can be leveraged to explore sex differences in biology at the molecular, intracellular, extracellular, tissue, and organ length scales. We provide examples where chemical and molecular tools were used to explore sex differences in the cardiovascular, nervous, immune, and reproductive systems, and provide a future outlook where chemical and molecular tools can be applied to continue investigating sex differences in biology.
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