Economic contraction, alcohol intoxication and suicide: analysis of the National Violent Death Reporting System.
Economic contraction, alcohol intoxication and suicide: analysis of the National Violent Death Reporting System.
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DOI：
10.1136/injuryprev-2014-041215
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发表时间：
2015-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McFarland BH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaplan MS;Huguet N;Caetano R;Giesbrecht N;Kerr WC;McFarland BH
虽然有大量和越来越多的证据表明经济收缩对自杀死亡率风险的影响，但人们对酒精消费在经济状况和自杀之间复杂关系中的作用知之甚少。目的是比较美国经济紧缩之前（2005-07），期间（2008-09）和之后（2010-11）的男性和女性自杀死者的死后酒精中毒率。通过Poisson回归分析，对20岁及以上男性和女性自杀死亡者的受限国家暴力死亡报告系统2005-11的数据进行分析，以检验在经济衰退之前、期间和之后，自杀死亡者在死亡时急性中毒（定义为血液酒精浓度≥ 0.08 g/dl）的比例是否有显著变化。在经济衰退开始后，所有因酒精中毒而自杀的死者比例从2005-07年的22.2%增加到2008-11年的23.9%。与经济衰退前的几年相比，男性自杀死亡者在经济衰退的头两年内酒精中毒的风险增加了1.09倍。令人惊讶的是，有证据表明女性自杀死者中存在滞后效应，与2005-07年相比，2010-11年的中毒风险增加了1.14倍（95%CI，1.02至1.27）。这些研究结果表明，自杀的急性酒精中毒与经济条件相互作用，在收缩期间变得更加普遍。
Although there is a large and growing body of evidence concerning the impact of contracting economies on suicide mortality risk, far less is known about the role alcohol consumption plays in the complex relationship between economic conditions and suicide. The aims were to compare the postmortem alcohol intoxication rates among male and female suicide decedents before (2005–07), during (2008–09), and after (2010–11) the economic contraction in the United States. Data from the restricted National Violent Death Reporting System 2005–11 for male and female suicide decedents aged 20 years and older were analyzed by Poisson regression analysis to test whether there was significant change in the fractions of suicide decedents who were acutely intoxicated at the time of death (defined as blood alcohol concentration ≥ 0.08 g/dl) prior, during, and after the downturn. The fraction of all suicide decedents with alcohol intoxication increased by 7% after the onset of the recession from 22.2% in 2005–07 to 23.9% in 2008–11. Compared to the years prior to the recession, male suicide decedents showed a 1.09-fold increased risk of alcohol intoxication within the first two years of the recession. Surprisingly, there was evidence of a lag effect among female suicide decedents, who had a 1.14-fold (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.27) increased risk of intoxication in 2010–11 compared to 2005–07. These findings suggest that acute alcohol intoxication in suicide interacts with economic conditions, becoming more prevalent during contractions.
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