Shielding the messenger (RNA): microRNA-based anticancer therapies.
Shielding the messenger (RNA): microRNA-based anticancer therapies.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.04.006
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发表时间：
2011-07
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
Thomas-Tikhonenko, Andrei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sotillo, Elena;Thomas-Tikhonenko, Andrei
十年前，科学家们意识到microRNAs（miRNAs）并不是蠕虫发明的一种在转录后水平调节基因表达的奇怪物质。相反，这些21-22个核苷酸的短RNA中的许多存在于无脊椎动物和脊椎动物中，并且其中一些实际上是高度保守的。miRNAs是一类重要的非编码小分子RNA，通过靶向mRNA的稳定性和翻译来抑制基因表达。在过去的十年里，我们对miRNA世界的了解以令人眩晕的速度扩展，这是由用于miRNA识别和靶点预测的计算引擎、调节miRNA活性的生化工具和技术的发展以及最后但并非最不重要的是，以miRNA为中心的动物模型的出现所推动的。从这项工作中得出的一个重要结论是，许多microRNA及其同源靶标与癌症密切相关，无论是作为癌基因还是肿瘤和转移抑制因子。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论miRNA在癌症发生和发展中所起的不同作用，以及在体内纠正miRNA表达的工具。虽然将microRNA靶向治疗目的的想法正在获得相当大的吸引力，但未来几年所做的基础、转化和临床研究将表明这一承诺是否有充分的依据。
It has been a decade since scientists realized that microRNAs (miRNAs) are not an oddity invented by worms to regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional levels. Rather, many of these 21–22-nucleotide-short RNAs exist in invertebrates and vertebrates alike and some of them are in fact highly conserved. miRNAs are now recognized as an important class of non-coding small RNAs that inhibit gene expression by targeting mRNA stability and translation. In the last ten years, our knowledge of the miRNAs world was expanding at vertiginous speed, propelled by the development of computational engines for miRNA identification and target prediction, biochemical tools and techniques to modulate miRNA activity, and last but not least, the emergence of miRNA-centric animal models. One important conclusion that has emerged from this effort is that many microRNAs and their cognate targets are strongly implicated in cancer, either as oncogenes or tumor and metastasis suppressors. In this review we will discuss the diverse role that miRNAs play in cancer initiation and progression and also the tools with which miRNA expression could be corrected in vivo. While the idea of targeting microRNAs towards therapeutic ends is getting considerable traction, basic, translational, and clinical research done in the next few years will tell whether this promise is well-founded.
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影响因子：
64.8
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通讯作者：
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