Understanding Viral and Immune Interplay During Vertical Transmission of HIV: Implications for Cure.
Understanding Viral and Immune Interplay During Vertical Transmission of HIV: Implications for Cure.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2021.757400
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Chahroudi A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amin O;Powers J;Bricker KM;Chahroudi A
尽管在消除艾滋病毒垂直感染方面取得了重大进展，但 2019 年仍有超过 150,000 名儿童感染艾滋病毒，这强调了持续需要可持续的艾滋病毒治疗策略，最好是儿童治愈方法。母婴传播 (MTCT) 仍然是儿童艾滋病毒感染的最重要途径，在缺乏预防措施的情况下，通过三种不同途径的传播率在 15% 至 45% 之间：子宫内、产时和产后通过母乳喂养。这些不同传播途径的确切机制和生物学基础尚未完全了解。尽管暴露了大量病毒，一些婴儿还是逃脱了感染，而另一些婴儿却没有，这表明可能存在母体或胎儿免疫保护因素，包括艾滋病毒特异性抗体的存在。在这里，我们总结了艾滋病毒母婴传播的独特之处，包括不同传播途径的免疫发病机制，以及产前或产后传播如何影响早期免疫反应和艾滋病毒持续性。对病毒、母体和胎儿/婴儿因素之间复杂相互作用的更深入的了解可能会促进对儿科人群艾滋病毒治愈的策略的追求。
Despite the significant progress that has been made to eliminate vertical HIV infection, more than 150,000 children were infected with HIV in 2019, emphasizing the continued need for sustainable HIV treatment strategies and ideally a cure for children. Mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) remains the most important route of pediatric HIV acquisition and, in absence of prevention measures, transmission rates range from 15% to 45% via three distinct routes: in utero, intrapartum, and in the postnatal period through breastfeeding. The exact mechanisms and biological basis of these different routes of transmission are not yet fully understood. Some infants escape infection despite significant virus exposure, while others do not, suggesting possible maternal or fetal immune protective factors including the presence of HIV-specific antibodies. Here we summarize the unique aspects of HIV MTCT including the immunopathogenesis of the different routes of transmission, and how transmission in the antenatal or postnatal periods may affect early life immune responses and HIV persistence. A more refined understanding of the complex interaction between viral, maternal, and fetal/infant factors may enhance the pursuit of strategies to achieve an HIV cure for pediatric populations.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Ayouba, Ahidjo;Badaut, Cyril;Menu, Elisabeth
通讯作者：
Menu, Elisabeth
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Baan, Elly;de Ronde, Anthony;Paxton, William A.
通讯作者：
Paxton, William A.
DOI：
10.1097/00042560-199705010-00012
发表时间：
1997-05-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bulterys, M;Landesmam, S;Goedert, JJ
通讯作者：
Goedert, JJ
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Ross AL;Cannou C;Barré-Sinoussi F;Menu E
通讯作者：
Menu E
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Braida, L;Boniotto, M;Crovella, S
通讯作者：
Crovella, S