Long-term changes to the frequency of occurrence of British moths are consistent with opposing and synergistic effects of climate and land-use changes.
Long-term changes to the frequency of occurrence of British moths are consistent with opposing and synergistic effects of climate and land-use changes.
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2664.12256
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发表时间：
2014-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Roy DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fox R;Oliver TH;Harrower C;Parsons MS;Thomas CD;Roy DB
物种的分布可能受到环境驱动因素的影响。我们使用了1970-2010年期间1100万种物种发生记录的数据集，以评估英国673种大型蛾类物种发生频率的变化。具有不同预测敏感性的物种组表现出不同的趋势，我们在土地利用和气候变化的背景下解释。多样性的反应被揭示：260蛾种显着下降，而160显着增加。总体而言，发生频率下降，反映了物种较少但研究更深入的类群的趋势。地理分布广泛的物种，预计对土地利用比气候变化更敏感，在英国南部显着下降，城市和耕地的覆盖率增加。与低氮和开放环境相关的蛾类（基于其幼虫寄主植物特征）下降最强烈，这也与土地利用变化的解释一致。在英国南部达到北方（前缘）范围限制的一些蛾类增加了，而限制在英国北方（后缘）的物种则显著减少，这与气候变化的解释一致。并非所有特定类型的物种都表现出类似的行为，这表明物种属性和环境驱动因素的不同组合之间的复杂相互作用决定了发生变化的频率。 合成与应用。我们的研究结果与气候和土地利用变化的大规模反应一致，一些物种增加，另一些物种减少。我们认为，土地利用变化（如栖息地丧失，氮沉降）和气候变化都是蛾类生物多样性变化的主要驱动因素，独立和组合作用。重要的是，在这个物种丰富的分类群中揭示的多样性反应表明，需要多方面的保护策略，以尽量减少多种环境变化对生物多样性的负面影响。我们认为，栖息地保护，管理和生态恢复可以通过提供适合现有种群的环境来减轻土地利用变化和气候变化的综合影响，并使物种能够改变其范围。我们的研究结果与气候和土地利用变化的大规模反应一致，一些物种增加，另一些物种减少。我们认为，土地利用变化（如栖息地丧失，氮沉降）和气候变化都是蛾类生物多样性变化的主要驱动因素，独立和组合作用。重要的是，在这个物种丰富的分类群中揭示的多样性反应表明，需要多方面的保护策略，以尽量减少多种环境变化对生物多样性的负面影响。我们认为，栖息地保护，管理和生态恢复可以通过提供适合现有种群的环境来减轻土地利用变化和气候变化的综合影响，并使物种能够改变其范围。
Species’ distributions are likely to be affected by a combination of environmental drivers. We used a data set of 11 million species occurrence records over the period 1970–2010 to assess changes in the frequency of occurrence of 673 macro‐moth species in Great Britain. Groups of species with different predicted sensitivities showed divergent trends, which we interpret in the context of land‐use and climatic changes. A diversity of responses was revealed: 260 moth species declined significantly, whereas 160 increased significantly. Overall, frequencies of occurrence declined, mirroring trends in less species‐rich, yet more intensively studied taxa. Geographically widespread species, which were predicted to be more sensitive to land use than to climate change, declined significantly in southern Britain, where the cover of urban and arable land has increased. Moths associated with low nitrogen and open environments (based on their larval host plant characteristics) declined most strongly, which is also consistent with a land‐use change explanation. Some moths that reach their northern (leading edge) range limit in southern Britain increased, whereas species restricted to northern Britain (trailing edge) declined significantly, consistent with a climate change explanation. Not all species of a given type behaved similarly, suggesting that complex interactions between species’ attributes and different combinations of environmental drivers determine frequency of occurrence changes. Synthesis and applications. Our findings are consistent with large‐scale responses to climatic and land‐use changes, with some species increasing and others decreasing. We suggest that land‐use change (e.g. habitat loss, nitrogen deposition) and climate change are both major drivers of moth biodiversity change, acting independently and in combination. Importantly, the diverse responses revealed in this species‐rich taxon show that multifaceted conservation strategies are needed to minimize negative biodiversity impacts of multiple environmental changes. We suggest that habitat protection, management and ecological restoration can mitigate combined impacts of land‐use change and climate change by providing environments that are suitable for existing populations and also enable species to shift their ranges. Our findings are consistent with large‐scale responses to climatic and land‐use changes, with some species increasing and others decreasing. We suggest that land‐use change (e.g. habitat loss, nitrogen deposition) and climate change are both major drivers of moth biodiversity change, acting independently and in combination. Importantly, the diverse responses revealed in this species‐rich taxon show that multifaceted conservation strategies are needed to minimize negative biodiversity impacts of multiple environmental changes. We suggest that habitat protection, management and ecological restoration can mitigate combined impacts of land‐use change and climate change by providing environments that are suitable for existing populations and also enable species to shift their ranges.
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影响因子：
8.7
作者：
Haines-Young, R;Barr, CJ;Watkins, JW
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1014743108
发表时间：
2011-01-11
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
9.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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