Estrogen regulation of testicular function.

Estrogen regulation of testicular function.
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DOI:
10.1186/1477-7827-3-51
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发表时间:
2005-09-27
期刊:
Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Akingbemi BT
Akingbemi BT
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Akingbemi BT

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支持雌激素在男性生殖道发育和功能中的作用的证据已经从啮齿动物和人类中收集到。 这些研究分为三类:i)芳香化酶和雌激素靶蛋白(ER-α和ER-β)在生殖道组织中的定位; ii)分析芳香化酶、ER-α和/或ER-β基因缺陷的转基因小鼠的睾丸表型;以及iii)研究环境化学物质对雄性生殖的影响。 雌激素被认为在睾丸中具有调节作用,因为雌激素生物合成发生在睾丸细胞中,并且ER的缺乏对精子发生和类固醇生成产生不利影响。 此外,已知存在于环境中的几种化学物质(由于它们具有结合和激活ER的能力而被指定为异种雌激素)会影响睾丸基因表达。 然而,雌激素作用的研究受到许多因素的混淆,包括不能将下丘脑和垂体中雌激素诱导的活性与睾丸中直接发生的作用分离,以及雌激素敏感组织中不止一种ER亚型的表达。 使用组织特异性基因敲除动物和管理抗雌激素和/或芳香酶抑制剂在体内可能会产生额外的数据,以促进我们的雌激素和雌激素受体生物学的发展和成熟的睾丸的理解。
Evidence supporting a role for estrogen in male reproductive tract development and function has been collected from rodents and humans. These studies fall into three categories: i) localization of aromatase and the target protein for estrogen (ER-alpha and ER-beta) in tissues of the reproductive tract; ii) analysis of testicular phenotypes in transgenic mice deficient in aromatase, ER-alpha and/or ER-beta gene; and, iii) investigation of the effects of environmental chemicals on male reproduction. Estrogen is thought to have a regulatory role in the testis because estrogen biosynthesis occurs in testicular cells and the absence of ERs caused adverse effects on spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. Moreover, several chemicals that are present in the environment, designated xenoestrogens because they have the ability to bind and activate ERs, are known to affect testicular gene expression. However, studies of estrogen action are confounded by a number of factors, including the inability to dissociate estrogen-induced activity in the hypothalamus and pituitary from action occurring directly in the testis and expression of more than one ER subtype in estrogen-sensitive tissues. Use of tissue-specific knockout animals and administration of antiestrogens and/or aromatase inhibitors in vivo may generate additional data to advance our understanding of estrogen and estrogen receptor biology in the developing and mature testis.
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影响因子: 10.4
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DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-3-51
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期刊: Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
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Akingbemi BT
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