Image-Based Modeling of Blood Flow and Oxygen Transfer in Feto-Placental Capillaries.
Image-Based Modeling of Blood Flow and Oxygen Transfer in Feto-Placental Capillaries.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0165369
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Jensen OE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pearce P;Brownbill P;Janáček J;Jirkovská M;Kubínová L;Chernyavsky IL;Jensen OE
在怀孕期间，氧气通过胎盘中的绒毛树从母体血液扩散到胎儿血液。在本文中，我们通过将激光共聚焦扫描显微镜重建的绒毛和毛细血管表面的三维表示转换到有限元网格来模拟胎儿胎盘毛细血管内的血液流动和氧气转移，并计算血管流动阻力和总氧转移的值。总氧转移率与通过毛细管的压降之间的关系被物理标度定律和氧转移率的上界在很大范围内捕捉到。介绍了一种可用血管阻力估算毛细管内氧气传递的回归方程。然后介绍了两种量化统计可变性、实验不确定性和病理胎盘结构对计算属性的影响的技术。首先，使用标度变元来量化模型对几何和参数不确定性的敏感性。其次，使用理想轴对称模型研究胎儿毛细血管局部扩张的影响，以量化病理胎盘结构对氧转移的可能影响。该模型预测了在通过毛细管的固定压降下，氧气传递如何通过最佳扩张宽度最大化。这一结果可以解释绒毛成熟延迟的病例中胎儿缺氧的普遍情况，这种病理的特征是缺乏血管合胞膜，并伴有局限性的毛细血管扩张。
During pregnancy, oxygen diffuses from maternal to fetal blood through villous trees in the placenta. In this paper, we simulate blood flow and oxygen transfer in feto-placental capillaries by converting three-dimensional representations of villous and capillary surfaces, reconstructed from confocal laser scanning microscopy, to finite-element meshes, and calculating values of vascular flow resistance and total oxygen transfer. The relationship between the total oxygen transfer rate and the pressure drop through the capillary is shown to be captured across a wide range of pressure drops by physical scaling laws and an upper bound on the oxygen transfer rate. A regression equation is introduced that can be used to estimate the oxygen transfer in a capillary using the vascular resistance. Two techniques for quantifying the effects of statistical variability, experimental uncertainty and pathological placental structure on the calculated properties are then introduced. First, scaling arguments are used to quantify the sensitivity of the model to uncertainties in the geometry and the parameters. Second, the effects of localized dilations in fetal capillaries are investigated using an idealized axisymmetric model, to quantify the possible effect of pathological placental structure on oxygen transfer. The model predicts how, for a fixed pressure drop through a capillary, oxygen transfer is maximized by an optimal width of the dilation. The results could explain the prevalence of fetal hypoxia in cases of delayed villous maturation, a pathology characterized by a lack of the vasculo-syncytial membranes often seen in conjunction with localized capillary dilations.
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