The Proportion of Superior Grains and the Sink Strength are the Main Yield Contributors in Modern Winter Wheat Varieties Grown in the Loess Plateau of China
The Proportion of Superior Grains and the Sink Strength are the Main Yield Contributors in Modern Winter Wheat Varieties Grown in the Loess Plateau of China
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优粒比例和库强是我国黄土高原现代冬小麦品种的主要产量贡献者
DOI：
10.3390/agronomy9100612
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发表时间：
2019-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Xiping Deng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wei Chen;Yingying Sun;Suiqi Zhang;Jairo A. Palta;Xiping Deng
了解选择压力和农艺学上对谷物产量的适应所导致的表型变化，为未来谷物产量的增加提供了途径。6个旱地代表性冬小麦品种（Triticum aestivum L.）2011-2012年和2012-2013年，采用完全随机区组设计，对1942 - 2004年黄土高原地区10个冬小麦品种（系）的产量构成因素进行了研究。测定株高、地上部分生物量、籽粒产量和产量构成因素，并测定上级和弱势粒性状和花前贮藏干物质向籽粒的再分配。在相对湿润的2011-2012年季节，谷物产量和地上生物量随释放年份显著增加，但在干燥的2012-2013年季节则没有。收获指数（HI）和平均粒重（AGW）在两个种植季节随释放年份的增加而显著增加。HI和AGW可能是黄土高原冬小麦增产的潜在性状。高吸量的增加主要是由于株高的降低和花前同化物用于灌浆的利用增加。穗粒重的增加主要是由于两季全穗上级粒比例的增加和弱势粒比例的减少。不同冬小麦品种对花前贮藏同化物的利用能力因气候条件而异。现代小麦品种在不同的降雨条件下都有较高的产量，并且较早育成的品种有较高的利用花前贮藏同化物充实籽粒的能力。黄土高原地区未来粮食增产应同时考虑增加土壤库容量和源的有效性。
Understanding the changes in phenotype resulting from the selection pressure and agronomic adaptation of grain yield provide an indication of the pathways for future increases in grain yield. Six dry land representative winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) released from 1942 to 2004 in the Loess Plateau of China were investigated to determine how the yield components of winter wheat were associated with grain yield at the Changwu Agricultural Research Station during the 2011–2012 and 2012–2013 seasons, using a completely randomized block design with three replicates. Plant height, aboveground biomass, grain yield, and yield components were measured, together with the traits of superior and inferior grains and the pre-anthesis stored dry matter remobilized to the grain was determined. In the relatively wet 2011–2012 season, there was a significant increase in grain yield and aboveground biomass with the year of release, but not in the dry 2012–2013 season. The harvest index (HI) and average grain weight (AGW) increased significantly with the year of release in both cropping seasons. HI and AGW are likely potential traits for improving grain yield of winter wheat in the Loess Plateau. The increase in HI mainly resulted from the decrease in plant height, and the increase in the use of pre-anthesis stored assimilates for grain filling. The increase in AGW mainly resulted from the increase in the proportion of superior grain (SG) and the decrease in the proportion of inferior grain (IG) in the whole spike in both cropping seasons. Depending on the climatic conditions, the different winter wheat cultivars showed different ability to use pre-anthesis stored assimilates. Modern wheat cultivars had higher yield under different rainfall conditions, and high ability to use pre-anthesis stored assimilates to fill the grain than earlier released cultivars. Both, the increase in sink capacity and source availability, should be considered as a strategy for increasing future grain yield in Loess Plateau of China.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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