Approaching the bad and avoiding the good: lateral prefrontal cortical asymmetry distinguishes between action and valence.
Approaching the bad and avoiding the good: lateral prefrontal cortical asymmetry distinguishes between action and valence.
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn.2009.21317
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发表时间：
2010-09
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Lieberman MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berkman ET;Lieberman MD
人类的目标追求有时涉及接近不愉快的刺激，避免愉快的刺激，例如当一个节食者选择吃蔬菜（尽管他不喜欢它们）而不是甜甜圈（他非常喜欢）时。以前的神经科学研究已经建立了接近愉快和避免不愉快的刺激之间的左右前额叶不对称，但这些研究通常没有解开行动动机（接近与避免）和刺激效价（愉快与不愉快）在这种不对称中的作用。此外，关于不对称性的研究几乎完全使用脑电图进行，并且很难使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）进行复制。本fMRI研究使用了一种新的目标追求任务，分离的刺激价和区域的利益分析方法，以解决这些局限性的行动动机。结果表明，前额叶不对称与行动动机，而不是刺激价。具体而言，有增加左（与右）激活背外侧前额叶皮层在方法（与回避）的行动，无论刺激价，但没有这样的效果，观察到愉快的相比，不愉快的刺激。这种不对称效应在接近-回避动作动机发生在背外侧，而不是眶额方面的前额叶皮层。此外，个体差异的接近-回避动机缓和的效果，这样，增加特质接近动机与更大的左侧不对称性在接近行动（无论刺激效价）。总之，这些结果支持的概念，前额叶不对称与行动动机，无论刺激效价，因此，可能与目标追求过程更广泛。
Goal pursuit in humans sometimes involves approaching unpleasant and avoiding pleasant stimuli, such as when a dieter chooses to eat vegetables (although he does not like them) instead of doughnuts (which he greatly prefers). Previous neuroscience investigations have established a left–right prefrontal asymmetry between approaching pleasant and avoiding unpleasant stimuli, but these investigations typically do not untangle the roles of action motivation (approach vs. avoidance) and stimulus valence (pleasant vs. unpleasant) in this asymmetry. Additionally, studies on asymmetry have been conducted almost exclusively using electroencephalography and have been difficult to replicate using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The present fMRI study uses a novel goal pursuit task that separates action motivation from stimulus valence and a region-of-interest analysis approach to address these limitations. Results suggest that prefrontal asymmetry is associated with action motivation and not with stimulus valence. Specifically, there was increased left (vs. right) activation in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during approach (vs. avoidance) actions regardless of the stimulus valence, but no such effect was observed for pleasant compared to unpleasant stimuli. This asymmetry effect during approach–avoidance action motivations occurred in the dorsolateral but not orbito-frontal aspects of prefrontal cortex. Also, individual differences in approach–avoidance motivation moderated the effect such that increasing trait approach motivation was associated with greater left-sided asymmetry during approach actions (regardless of the stimulus valence). Together, these results support the notion that prefrontal asymmetry is associated with action motivation regardless of stimulus valence and, as such, might be linked with goal pursuit processes more broadly.
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